【作者】 朱晓冬；

【导师】 靳文舟； 魏立新；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 交通运输工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国城市经济的增长,私人汽车拥有量及使用率的提高,导致机动车行程车速下降,汽车尾气污染严重,城市交通的拥堵状况日益严重。大力发展公共交通事业,尤其是发展快速公交系统(BRT)是缓解城市交通拥堵的有效手段之一。这种新型的大容量快速公交系统已经引起了人们的关注。快速公交系统具有载客容量大、建设费用低、组织灵活、运营速度快、可持续性及安全节能环保等特点,在国内外许多城市已经取得了引人注目的良好效果。本文在已有的快速公交的实践研究的基础上,对快速公交系统的设计理论进行了系统分析。首先介绍了快速公交系统在国内外的发展现状,总结了快速公交系统的系统组成、系统特点以及功能定位和在我国的使用条件。结合广州市快速公交系统的建设项目研究了快速公交系统规划设计理论、运营组织理论等。在理论研究的基础上,运用上述理论方法对广州市快速公交系统进行分析设计。在概括BRT系统的基础上,对BRT系统技术的主要参数,包括BRT专用道、BRT交通信号优先、BRT车站和BRT车辆展开研究和设计,提出了BRT专用道组织形式和线路规划思路框架;从车站布设影响因素、站距对相关因素的影响,结合站点布设优化的方法对广州市中山大道的车站布设方案进行设计;阐述了BRT路口空间优先设置方法和时间优先控制技术,并进一步分析了快速公交系统的通行能力。本论文通过对广州市快速公交系统进行仿真建模,建立的了相应的评价指标体系;建立了基于灰色聚类分析的设计方案评价方法,并对关键交叉口展开了基于仿真的交通组织方案效果评价。本文是以广州市BRT为背景,从广州市面临的城市交通问题出发,对广州快速公交系统设计方案进行研究,其成果可以为广州下一阶段的快速公交系统建设提供理论依据和设计经验。更多还原

【Abstract】 China’s urban economic growth, increased ownership and utilization frequency of private car has lead to the decrease of vehicle’s travel speed, serious automobile exhaust pollution and urban traffic congestion day by day. Developing public transport business vigorously, especially the development of BRT is one of the effective means to alleviate the urban traffic congestion. This new type of large capacity bus rapid transit system has attracted the attention of people. BRT system has some features like great capacity, low construction cost, flexibility, rapid operation speed, sustainability and security features such as energy conservation and environmental protection etc, and has achieved conspicuous good effect in many countries at home and abroad.This paper carries on systematic research on the designing theory of BRT system based on the drawing lessons from past BRT practices and studies. In the first part of the paper, the author introduces the development status of BRT at home and abroad, summarizes the composition, characteristics, functions of BRT and applications in our country. The planning and designing theory and operation organization theory are studied with the BRT construction projects in Guangzhou. On the basis of the basic theory in BRT, the bus transit systems of Guangzhou are analyzed and designed. The main parameters in BRT system are studied and designed on the basis of the BRT system designing theory, including BRT special lane, BRT intersection priority, BRT station and BRT vehicle. BRT special lane organizational form and lane planning framework are put forward when studying BRT special lane. Taking Zhongshan road as the background and using optimization method in station spacing and location, this paper carries on the station designing of BRT system with the effect of station spacing. Moreover, spacing setting methods and time control technologies of BRT intersection priority are expounded completely. And also, the capacity of BRT system is studied in the paper. The evaluation index system of BRT system designing is established based on the simulation modeling of Guangzhou BRT system. This paper presents a kind of evaluation method for the whole design scheme based on grey clustering theory, and then evaluates a operation design of a key intersection by setting up a simulation model with the VISSIM simulation software.Based on Guangzhou BRT system, this paper proposed a design scheme of Guangzhou BRT, according to the traffic problems in Guangzhou. The conclusions offer some kinds of academic foundation and design experiences for the coming constructions of BRT.更多还原