【作者】 马星辉；

【导师】 高国富；

【作者基本信息】 河南理工大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)具有比强度和比刚度高、抗疲劳性能好、耐热性优良等优点,己广泛用于航天、航空、汽车、体育娱乐及其他领域,是应用最广泛的一种先进复合材料。但由于其内部具有较高硬度的增强相而使得其机械加工性变得非常困难,加工刀具磨损严重,零件表面质量差,加工效率低。因此,碳纤维增强复合材料的精密加工,已成为目前复合材料研究和应用所面临的一项亟待解决的难题。为了解决碳纤维复合材料的难加工问题,本文将超声振动引入普通切削中,以期在保证优良表面质量的同时降低切削力和切削温度、减少刀具磨损。研制了超声振动铣削装置,并进行了振动特性试验;通过理论推导,建立了超声振动铣削碳纤维复合材料的平均切削力理论模型和切削温度场的传热学模型;通过碳纤维复合材料的普通切削和超声振动切削试验,研究了不同切削参数对切削力、切削温度、刀具磨损及表面粗糙度的影响规律;分析了碳纤维复合材料的超声振动切削机理,得出了在超声振动切削条件下,切削力和切削温度低、刀具磨损量小、工件表面质量好的结论;通过对工件表面的微观结构的分析,指出了碳纤维复合材料在加工过程中的主要缺陷;讨论分析了刀具的失效形式和刀具的磨损机理,指出超声振动铣削条件下,能减小刀具磨损,提高工件表面质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Carbon fiber reinforced plastics(CFRP) are characterized by superior strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios, high fatigue strength and good heat resistance.They have been used widely in airplanes, spaceships, automobiles and sport equipment, etc. But the machining is very difficult due to the rigidity of its internal reinforced-phase, the tool wear is very severity, the quality of surface is very bad and the machining efficiency is low. So the precision machining of CFRP has became a puzzle waiting for solving in functional reinforced composites’investagation and applications now.In order to settle the difficult machining problem of CFRP, ultrasonic vibration is introduced to common cutting in this thesis for the purpose of obtaining the fine surface quality as well as reducing cutting temperature and cutting force、decreasing the tool wear. The ultrasonic vibration cutting device is developed and the vibration characteristics of ultrasonic vibration turning acoustic system is researched. Through theoretical derivation,the average cutting force model and the heat diffusion model of ultrasonic cutting temperature field are established. Through the experiment of common cutting and ultrasonic vibration cutting CFRP, the influence of different parameters on cutting temperature, cutting force, the tool wear and surface roughness are studied. The ultrasonic vibration cutting mechanics of CFRP is analyzed, ultrasonic cutting has lower cutting temperature and cutting force, smaller tool wear and finer surface quality than common cutting. Through the surface of the micro-structure analysis, pointing out the main defects in machining CFRP.The wear-out mechanism of tool is dicussed,there are better surface quality and smaller tool wear in ultrasonic cutting.更多还原