【作者】 顾勤明；

【导师】 张永红；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 公共卫生， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 目的调查分析苏州市金阊区35岁以上居民的高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中3种慢性病的流行病学特征和危险因素,为制定慢性病预防和控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用现况研究,用统一设计的调查问卷,对苏州市金阊区35岁以上居民进行面对面的问卷调查,内容包括人口统计学信息、行为习惯、饮食习惯、卫生保健服务等。同时采集血液样本;测量血压、心率;测量身高、体重、腰围、臀围等人体指标;测定快速血糖指标。问卷调查均由培训合格的调查员指导,各项指标的测量均由培训合格的医师进行。Mantel-Haenszel卡方检验、Fisher确切概率法分析高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中3种慢性病的性别、年龄、职业、文化程度差异;logistics回归分析对选入的可能的影响因素(包括人口学因素、行为习惯、饮食习惯、卫生保健服务等)进行单因素和多因素分析,计算OR值和95%可信区间(95%CI)。用SAS8.0软件进行统计分析。结果1.高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中3种慢性病的总患病率为47.22%,高血压患病率为37.26%,糖尿病患病率为11.24%,脑卒中患病率为1.81%。2.男性高血压患病率高于女性,有统计学意义(P＜0.001);男女间糖尿病、脑卒中患病率无统计学差异(P＞0.05)。3.高年龄组高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中的患病率显著高于低年龄组,有统计学意义(P＜0.001)。4.不同职业高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中患病率存在差别。但调整年龄因素后,不同职业人群患病率无统计学差异(P=0.55)。5.低文化程度组高血压、糖尿病的患病率高于高文化程度组,有统计学意义(P＜0.05);脑卒中患病率无文化程度差异(P＞0.05)。调整年龄因素后,不同文化程度人群患病率无统计学差异(P＞0.05)。6.单因素logistics回归分析结果显示,年龄、文化程度、腰围、体质指数、吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼、工作强度、饮食咸淡9个因素均与慢性病相关联。7.多因素logistics回归分析结果显示,年龄、腰围、体质指数、饮食咸淡4个因素具有统计学意义。结论1.苏州市金阊区35岁以上居民高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中总患病率处于较高水平,高血压尤为突出,是影响居民健康的重要疾病,应加强预防控制。2.年龄、体质指数、腰围、高盐饮食是3种疾病的共同危险因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 ObjectiveWe explored the epidemiologic feature and risk factors of three chronic disease i.e. hypertension,diabetes and stroke among citizens aged over 35 in Jinchang district in Suzhou,so as to provide a basis for chronic disease control and prevention.MethodsOn the basis of cross-sectional study on Jinchang citizens aged over 35,the conditions of demographic data,behavior habit,eating habit,health care services were acquired by questionnaire instructed by trained staff.Blood pressure(BP),heart rate(HR),body height,body weight,Waist circumference(WC),hipline were measured by trained doctors,blood samples were collected and fasting plasma glucose were examined for all subjects.Mantel-Haenszelχ~2 tests and Fisher exact probabilities were used to compare difference of sex,age,occupation,educational degree among hypertension,diabetes and stroke groups.Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to determine the risk factors among probable risk factors such as demographic data, behavior habit,eating habit and health care services.OR and 95%confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated,SAS statistical software was used in all analysis.Results1.The total prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and stroke is 47.22%,and the prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and stroke is 37.26%,11.24%and 1.81%, respectively.2.The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in males than in females(P＜0.001).But that was not occurred in diabetes(P＞0.05).3.The prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and stroke in older group was significantly higher than that in younger group(P<0.001).4.There was different prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and stroke between different occupational individuals,but after adjustment for age,the relationship was not significant(P=0.55).5.The prevalence of hypertension,diabetes is significantly higher in lower-eductional group than in higher-eductional group(P＜0.05),but not significant in the stroke(P＞0.05).And there was no significantly difference between the two groups (P＞0.05) when age adjusted.6.The univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the three chronic disease was associated with 9 risk factors including age,educational degree,WC,body mass index(BMI),cigarette smoking,alcohol drinking,physical exercise,manual labour,salt intaken.7.The multiivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the three chronic diseases were associated with age,WC,BMI and salt intake.Conclusions1.The prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and stroke,especially hypertension, were higher among the citizens aged≥35 years in Jinchang of Suzhou,and the three diseases have been serious diseases affecting health of citizens,measures for disease prevention and control should be focused on the three diseases.2.Age,BMI,WC and salt intaken were the three common risk factors of hypertension,diabetes and stroke.更多还原