【作者】 杨忠林；

【导师】 邵友元； 李卫；

【作者基本信息】 湖北工业大学 ， 化学工艺， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 本文采用不同提取方法测定万寿菊中叶黄素、黄酮和多酚等功能成分的含量,结果表明:万寿菊花中叶黄素、黄酮和多酚的含量因产地不同而差异较大;万寿菊根、茎、叶、花中几种功能性成分的含量也存在着显著的差异,万寿菊花中功能性成分含量最大。通过对几种不同方法提取万寿菊中叶黄素的工艺进行研究,提出了不同提取工艺优化条件。采用各种仪器表征手段,确定提取产物的功能成分并研究了提取产物的抗氧化性。1)采用超声波辅助提取,优化工艺条件为:料液比为1 : 20(g ml^-1),提取时间为30 min,提取功率为350 W,在此条件下叶黄素的提取率为60.2%,比相同条件下传统溶剂提取高出20.6%。2)采用微波辅助提取,优化工艺条件为:料液比1 : 20(g ml^-1)、提取时间20 s,在此条件下叶黄素的提取率为61.3%,比同条件下传统溶剂提取高出22.9%。通过高效液相色谱-大气压化学电离质谱联用分析确定提取产物为叶黄素酯类物质。3)采用超临界CO₂萃取,通过单因素和正交实验确定影响叶黄素萃取的因素为:时间>温度>压力> CO₂流量;优化工艺条件为:萃取时间4 h,萃取压力24 MPa、温度54℃、CO₂流量12 L h^-1、分离Ⅰ温度42℃,压力11 MPa、分离Ⅱ温度38℃,压力同储罐。在该优化工艺条件下,可萃取叶黄素824 mg （100g）^-1原料,提取率达95.7 %。对微波辅助提取和超临界CO₂提取的叶黄素酯抗氧化作用的研究结果表明:两种提取产物均有较强的抗氧化性,且随着叶黄素酯添加量的增大,其抗氧化作用越明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this work, the functional composition of marigold was studied with a variety of extraction methods. The contents of lutein, flavone and polyphenol in the marigold flower demonstrated significant difference in these areas, and so in the root, stem and flowers. The flowers held the most functional compositions.The optimal extraction technology and the optimal preferences were established and developed in the investigation by comparing several extraction means. Then, the extracts were analyzed by the advanced apparatuses, following the antioxidation of the extracts carefully investigated.1) The optimal preferences with ultrasonic assistant extraction were determined. The ratio of marigold to solvent was 1:20(g ml^-1), and persisted 30 min with the power 350 W. The extraction proportion reached 60.2%, which was 20.6% higher than the traditional solvent extraction .2) The optimal preferences with microwave assistant extraction were as follows. The ratio of marigold to solvent was 1:20(g ml^-1), and lasted 20 s. The extraction proportion approached 60.2%, 22.9% higher than the traditional solvent extraction. The extracts were identified as lutein esters by high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrum.3) The mono-factor and orthogonal experiment with the super critical CO₂ extraction indicated the extraction factors decreased with a order of time﹥temperature﹥pressure﹥flux. The duration was 4 hours with other preferences being 24 MPa, 54℃, and the CO₂ flux was 12 L h^-1. The ideal separation preferences of store jarⅠwere 42℃and 11 MPa, the following store jarⅡwith 38℃and the same pressure. The extracts arrived at 824 mg （100g）^-1, and the proportion reached 95.7%.The extracts with the microwave assistant extraction and the super critical CO₂ demonstrated strong antioxidation, and the antioxidation was direct proportion to the lutein esters.更多还原