【作者】 鲍林娟；

【导师】 唐德海；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 高等教育学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 社会公平是人类的崇高理想和永恒的价值追求,教育是一个民族振兴的基石。在新的历史时期,作为肩负建设人力资源强国重任的高等教育,逐步实现高等教育公平对于我国和谐社会的构建具有重要意义。通俗地讲,高等教育结构属于人才培养顶层设计的范畴,而社会公平视域下高等教育布局结构的优化则是此顶层设计中的重要一环。今后一个时期,我国高等教育仍将是促进社会公平的重要途径和有效手段。结构决定功能,高等教育布局结构直接影响着高等教育的长远发展及其功能的发挥。我国目前的高等教育布局是国家和地区经济、政治、文化等因素长期演变的结果。多年来虽几经改革,仍存在着种种不合理之处。优化布局结构需要建立合理的调控机制,发挥市场导向作用,统筹均衡发展与有效增长的关系,把握高等教育新的增长点。随着我国市场经济的发展和全球一体化、信息化时代的到来,教育特别是高等教育的社会需求正在发生着深刻的变化,这种变化必将对高等教育系统的功能和结构提出更高、更多的要求。在此背景下,要求高等教育布局结构必须随社会需求的发展变化而做出相应的调整。本文通过对我国高等教育布局结构调整的历史总结与现状分析,指出了当前我国高等教育布局结构中存在的与社会公平的要求不相适应的四个问题,并且进一步提出了我国高等教育布局结构调整与优化的四点针对性的对策建议。全文包括三部分:第一部分是高等教育布局结构与社会公平的理论探讨,该部分属于理论研究,涉及社会公平、高等教育布局结构等核心概念的界定、研究的理论基础以及高等教育布局结构与社会公平的关系探讨。分析了高等教育布局结构对社会公平的积极促进作用及社会公平对高等教育布局结构优化的制约作用。第二部分是我国高等教育布局结构的现状分析,属于实证研究。本部分以我国高等教育布局结构的现状为基础,按照新中国成立～文革时期、文革时期、恢复重建期(改革开放)、加快发展期四个时期分阶段进行了对比分析。结果发现,我国高等教育布局结构虽然有了较大的发展,但在高等学校分布、高校在校生分布、高校招生数分布、高校科类层次分布等方面仍存在一定的不均衡。通过分析研究可以看出,影响我国高等教育布局结构的因素主要有区域经济差异、人口分布悬殊、招生制度偏颇、资源配置失衡。第三部分是我国高等教育布局结构调整与优化对策,也就是对优化我国高等教育布局结构促进社会公平的策略建议。本部分是以影响高等教育布局结构的主要因素为依据,对所存在的相关问题采取相应策略加以解决,提出建议加大西部地区扶持力度、促进区域经济协调发展、完善高考招生录取制度、优化高等教育资源配置等对策。文中指出,优化高等教育布局结构、促进社会公平必须具有国家、政府和社会的共同支撑,高等教育布局结构的优化依赖于这三方力量的作用发挥与职能协调。高等教育布局结构调整与优化的目的在于促进高等教育事业的发展,在于促进高等教育功能的充分发挥,以教育公平推动社会公平。改革开放以来,随着我国政治、经济体制改革的不断深入,随着区域经济的协调发展以及高等教育自身的发展,为我国高等教育布局结构的优化提供了一定的现实条件。当然,通过高等教育布局结构优化,促成真正意义上的社会公平,任重而道远,许多问题需要我们在实践中逐步解决,许多理论有待我们去深入研究。只有脚踏实地从我国高等教育的现实布局结构出发,结合我国国情,研究社会公平理论、解决社会公平问题,才能早日实现中华民族几千年来梦寐以求的公平社会。高等教育布局结构的调整与优化必将有力促进我国社会公平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Social justice is the lofty ideal and the eternal pursuit of value. The education is the cornerstone of a nation’s prosperous. In the new historical background, the importance for building a harmony society is to fulfill the justice in higher education, which is responsible for strengthening our country by developing the human resource. In generally speaking, the structure of the advanced education belongs to the top-level design of personal training. And the optimization of the structure of higher education, which is under the social justice, is an important aspect.In the days to come, higher education will still be the important and efficient way for promoting the social justice. Structure makes function, the structure of higher education works directly on the development of higher education and making full use of its advantages. The structure of higher education in nowadays is the products of the development of the national and regional economy, and the policy, and the culture. Although, it experienced several reforms, there are kinds of inappropriateness. To optimize the structure of higher education, it needs setting up a reasonable regulation, developing the marketing guidance, balancing the relationship between the development and the actual gain, and making assure of the new development point of higher education.In the days of the globalization and informalization comes along with the development of market economy in China, the social requirement of the education, especially higher education, is facing profound changes, which inevitably ask for more and higher requirement to the function and structure of the system of higher education. Under this background, it is indispensable for the structure of higher education to adjust correspondingly.This paper poses four main problems which are not fit to the requirements of social justice, and four corresponding suggestions, by the analysis of our structure adjustment of higher education and the present situation. The paper consists three parts: Part one discusses the theory of the structure of higher education and social justice, involving in definition of the core conception of social justice and the structure of higher education, in the theoretical principle of the study and in the discussion of the relation between the structural layout of higher education and social justice, it belongs to the study of theory. It analyzed positive action of the structural layout of higher education to social justice and the restrictive action of social justice to the rationalization of the structural layout of higher education.Part two belong to the empirical study part which analyzed the present state of the structural layout of higher education. Basing on the present situation of the structure of higher education, it carried out the relative analysis in accordance with the four stages of the foundation of the CPR to Cultural Revolution phase, Cultural Revolution phase, reconstruction (reform and opening) phase, fast growing phase. The result of above analysis indicated that the structure of higher education in China, which developed greatly, still be disequilibrium in such sections as the distributions of the colleges and universities, enrollment students, the enrolled new students and subject level in the colleges and universities. The analysis made out that the main influencing factors of the structural layout of higher education in China involving in deference of regional economy, the great disparity of distribution of population, the biased institution of the enrollment and the unbalanced deployment of the resource.Part three falls into the subjects of adjusts and optimization to the structural layout of higher education, namely, it pointed out the subjects to optimize the structural layout of higher education for the social justice. It based on the factors which influenced the structural layout of higher education, according to the relevant problems, give the corresponding subjections including to reinforce the assistant of west region, to promote the harmonious development, to perfect the enrollment institution, to optimize the deployment of the resource .It stated that it is a combined action of the nation, the government and the society to optimize the structural layout of higher education to promote the social justice, it depends on the role and coordination of these three sides.The goal of the adjustment and the optimization of the structural layout of higher education are to promote its development, to fully realize its function, so as to push forward the social justice by the education justice. Since the reform and opening, there are certain practical prerequisite for optimization of the structural layout of higher education along with the development of the economical and political reform deeply, along with the harmonious development of the region economy and the development of higher education. Certainly, there is a long way to go realize the real social justice through the optimization of the structural layout of higher education, there are many problems for us to resolve in practice step by step, there are many theories for us to study deeply. Only if should we set off the present structural layout of higher education in China, combined with the basic condition of China, study the theory of the social justice, resolve the social justice problem, we realize the impartial society, which is pursued by the Chinese people for thousands years. The adjustment and the optimization of the structural layout of higher education inevitably promote our social justice vigorously.更多还原