节点文献
中古以来知、荘、章三系声母发展演化研究
The Research on the Development of Initial Systems Zhi, Zhuang, Zhang Since the Mediaeval Times
【作者】 李靖；
【导师】 马重奇；
【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2009， 硕士
【摘要】 知、莊、章是漢語語音發展史上三系聲母的代表字。知,指知、徹、澄,在等韻圖中排在二等和三等,所以又叫知二、知三。莊指莊、初、崇、生,章指章、昌、船、書、禪,兩組聲母在唐宋三十六字母中都屬於照類聲母,而在等韻圖中分別排在二等和三等,故又叫照二、照三。知組、莊組和章組(文中經常簡稱知莊章)三組聲母在現代普通話中已經完全合流成現代捲舌音t(?)、t(?)、(?)一組(另有部分莊組字進入精組)。在語音發展歷史中,知莊章三系聲母的關係錯綜複雜,其發展演變是漢語語音史的一個重要環節,是漢語聲母發展演變過程中的核心問題之一,也是最為複雜的部分之一。本課題旨在探討漢語聲母系統中的知組、莊組和章組三組聲母在漢語發展歷史上特別是中古時期以來的發展演變情況。以歷代具有代表性的重要韻學著作作為研究材料,試圖以歷史比較法為基礎,從語音發展的縱向角度來探討知莊章三組聲母的歷史發展軌跡,並結合同時期的相關語音资料從横向的角度加以比較,連結歷史的知莊章演化軌跡,加以細部分析,最終清晰地展示出知莊章三組聲母的發展脈絡和演變規律。
【Abstract】 Zhi,zhuang,zhang are the representative characters of three initial systems in Chinese phonetic developing history.Zhi refers to zhi,che,cheng,which are in the second and third line of the equiprosody chart.So it is also called second zhi and third zhi. Zhuang refers to zhuang,chu,chong,sheng.And zhang refers to zhang,chang,chuan, shu,chan.Both of these two groups of initials belong to initial zhao according to the 36 initials listed in Tang and Song dynasty.And they are in the second and third line of the equiprosody chart.So they are called second zhao and third zhao.The initial groups zhi, zhuang and zhang have completely merged into modern retroflex consonant t(?),t(?),(?) in modern mandarin(Some of the initials in zhuang group flew into jing group).In the history of phonetic development,the relationship among zhi,zhuang,zhang initial systems are extremely complicated.Their development and evolution has become a very important link in Chinese phonetic history.It’s also one of the cores of Chinese initial development,and also one of the most complicated parts.This study discussed the development and evolution of three Chinese initial systems zhi,zhuang,zhang in Chinese language development,especially after the mediaeval times.The materials are based on the most representative phonology works in the past dynasties.This study tried to used history comparative method and multi theories and technologies like the change of tunes to investigate the track of historical development of initial systems zhi,zhuang,zhang in the portrait view of phonetic development.It also makes lateral comparison according to the relevant phonetic data in the corresponding period,analyzes in details combined with the historical developing track of initial systems zhi,zhuang,zhang and finally reveals the evolutionary skeleton and rules of zhi zhuang zhang initial systems clearly.