【作者】 宋丹；

【导师】 刘晓东；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 测试计量技术及仪器， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,我国大多数油田已处于开采末期,在石油开采过程中存在着巨大的能源浪费现象。其中抽油机空抽现象比较普遍,抽油机的连续工作方式至少造成50%的电能浪费。因此研制一种抽油机节能设备可以对石油行业节能减排、建设节能型企业起到至关重要的作用。本文通过查阅石油领域的文献分析了油井油液积聚规律,建立了油井内相关物理量的关系模型。在了解油井油液积聚规律的基础上设计了间歇抽油算法和总体方案。在控制器设计上,为了满足设备能够在条件恶劣的野外环境下工作,在芯片选型上采用军品级芯片。其中采用TMS320F2812型DSP作为主控芯片,设计了控制器硬件电路,利用DSP强大的运算和控制能力实现了对抽油机间歇抽油的控制和相关参数的计算;在油井空抽判别方面,设计了基于开关量信号的油量状态监测装置,可以对油井的状态进行监测;另外,控制器通过监测三相电流的变化,可以对电机进行断相保护。由于油井的条件不同,节能设备在刚投放使用时需要配置初始化参数。利用Visual C++和Measurement Studio开发出了界面风格良好的控制器综合管理软件,可以方便地进行参数设置,也为设备出厂前的测试工作提供便利。在实验室条件下的测试结果表明,抽油机节能设备能够识别油量监测装置的信号,能够根据信号判断油井油量并最终做出相应的控制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, most of oil wells are dry up and there is a huge waste energy in the process of oil exploitation, including 50 percentage of power consumption accounting for pumping units. As a result, developing a kind of energy-saving equipment is important for the energy-saving emission of oil industry and to build energy-saving business.In this article I analyse the accumulating rules of oil, design the model of the parameter of the well, design the intermittent pumping arithmetic and scheme after understanding the accumulating rules.The equipment used high-level chips in order to fulfil with the execrable circumstance. Using TMS320F2812 as the leading chip to design the hardware. And using the powerful calculating capacity and controlling capacity to realize how to control pumping unit. In the aspect of distinguishing empty well, I design a kind of device which based on switch signal, and this device can test the estate of well. In addition, this equipment can protect electromotor during the variety of electricity.Because of the different condition of well, we need to set parameters of the equipment. Using Visual C++ and Measurement Studio to design the software. This software can set parameters expediently and can test equipment expediently.The test result under the condition of laboratory shows that the energy-saving pumping unit has the ablity to identify the signal which from oil testing device, and control the pumping unit based on signal.更多还原