无锡话的实现体助词

【作者】 冯群超；

【导师】 左思民；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以无锡话的实现体助词“则[ts（?）]”和“着[za（?）]”为研究对象。文章首先区分了无锡话中的三个“则”和两个“着”,描述了它们的性质和功能,探讨它们的来源及演变,并把它们与北部吴语（上海话和苏州话）中的“仔”进行比较。文章接着描写了无锡话中的实现体助词“则₂”和“着₂”所在的主要句式,并从时制、数量和动词三个方面概括了“则₂”和“着₂”的使用限制。最后文章从句式、动词、认知以及语言内部的相互制约等角度着手,尝试着解释无锡话中的实现体助词“则₂/着₂”（包括北部吴语中的“仔₁”）能够标记“持续”的语法现象。本文认为,无锡话中的实现体助词“则₂”和“着₂”是同一个语素的两个条件变体（限制条件包括时制、数量和动词）。实现体助词“则₂/着₂”（“仔₁”）之所以能标记持续,是因为“兼相动词+实现体标记”在标记“动作实现”的同时蕴含了“状态开始并持续”的意义;另外,语言内部的语义和句法的制约也是导致这一现象的原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis discusses the realized aspectual auxiliary "ts（?）" and "za（?）" of Wuxi Dialect.This paper first differentiats three "ts（?）"s and two "za（?）"s of Wuxi Dialect,discribes their properties and functions,and explores their sources and evolution,compares them with "ts（?）" of northen Wu Dialect（Shanghai Dialect and Suzhou Dialect）.The paper then describes the main sentence patterns of the realized aspectual auxiliary "ts（?）₂" and "za（?）₂" of Wuxi Dialect,and generlizes the restrictions of "ts（?）₂" and "za（?）₂" in terms of tense,quantifiers and verbs.Finally we attempt to explain why the realized aspectual auxiliary "ts（?）₂/za（?）₂" of Wuxi Dialect（including "ts（?）" of northen Wu Dialect） can mark "durative" in terms of sentense patterns,verbs,cognition and the restrictions inside the languages.We argue that the realized aspectual auxiliary "ts（?）₂" and "za（?）₂" of Wuxi Dialect are two condition variants of one and the same morpheme（the restrictive conditions including tense,quantifiers and verbs）.Why the realized aspectual auxiliary "ts（?）₂/za（?）₂"（"ts（?）"） can mark "durative" is that "two-phase verb+ realized aspectual auxiliary" contains the meaning of "the state begins and goes on" while marking that "the action is realized";besides,the semantic and syntactic restrictions inside the language is another factor of this phenomenon.更多还原