【作者】 王硕；

【导师】 李建政；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 微生物学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 在参与厌氧消化过程的各微生物类群中,产氢产乙酸菌群在营养生态位上位于产酸发酵菌群和产甲烷菌群之间,在功能生态位上起到承上启下的重要作用,它将产酸发酵菌群代谢产生的丙酸、丁酸等有机挥发酸和乙醇等进一步降解转化为乙酸、CO2和H2,为后续的产甲烷菌群提供了可以直接利用的底物,是有机物甲烷发酵过程必不可少的重要环节。因此强化产氢产乙酸菌群的功能作用,将会有效地提高厌氧生物处理系统的效能。本论文以ABR的运行为基础,以反应器中活性污泥为出发菌群,利用选择培养基进行多次连续传代培养,成功构建了产氢产乙酸优势菌群。然后以构建成功的优势菌群为研究对象,将该产氢产乙酸优势菌群按照适当的配比加入到厌氧消化系统中,考察其生物强化特性对厌氧生物处理系统的生物强化作用。通过厌氧活性污泥的选育,利用选择性培养基经过数次传代培养,分别构建成功了氧化丙酸的产氢产乙酸优势菌群B83和氧化丁酸的产氢产乙酸优势菌群D83,借助生理生化试验和PCR-DGGE分子生物学技术对优势菌群B83和D83菌群组成和稳定性进行分析,结果表明,经过10次传代富集培养,B83菌群结构基本稳定;经过7次传代富集培养,D83菌群结构基本稳定。接着考察了稳定的B83和D83产氢产乙酸优势菌群对不同底物的降解特性。在保证总生物量一致的前提下,分别考察了B83优势菌群和D83优势菌群在厌氧生物处理系统中的生物强化作用。在以葡萄糖为底物时,B83优势菌群通过生物强化作用,葡萄糖产甲烷率达到1.415 mol/mol,较对照系统提高了1.98倍;D83优势菌群通过生物强化作用,葡萄糖产甲烷率达到2.048 mol/mol,较对照系统提高了1.11倍;当二者复合时,葡萄糖产甲烷率达到1.577 mol/mol,较对照系统提高了2.32倍。而以制糖废水为底物时,单位COD转化H2较对照系统提高了54%,单位COD转化CH4较对照系统提高了63%;相同时间内,COD去除率较对照系统提高了14.1%;生物强化效果明显,有效地提高厌氧生物处理系统的效能。更多还原

【Abstract】 All kinds of bacteria in anaerobic treatment system take their own functions in anaerobic fermentation; hydrogen-producing acetogens (HPA) connect acidogentic fermentation bacteria with methanogens in function niche. They can convert interim products such as ethanol, propionic acid and butyric acid into acetic acid, H2 and CO2, which can be digested directly by methanogens to methan. This results in relieving the restriction for metabolism of HPA in the meantime. The efficiency of anaerobic organic wastewater treatment system would be improved by enhancing the hydrogen-producing acetogens. This article based on the operation of Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR),through the breeding of sludge we construct the dominant HPA successfully, and then using this sort of HPA, we set them into the anaerobic treatment system with the stable ratio to test its efficacy of bioaugmentation.Via to the breeding of anaerobic activated sludge, we cultivated the HPA for times through the selectivity culture media, and then the dominant HPA of B83 and D83 were constructed. According to the results of physiological and biochemical test and PCR-DGGE analysis, the community structure of B83 was perfect after bred for ten times reculture, as well as the community structure of D83 was perfect after bred for seven times reculture. After that, we inspected the degradation characterics of base materials for the dominant HPA of B83 and D83.Followed the rules of the equal biomass, we detected the efficacy of bioaugmentation of B83 and D83 in anaerobic treatment system. Utilized the glucose as the base material, the methan-producing rate of unit glucose to B83 is 1.415 mol/mol G, which is 1.98 times than the normal sample; the methan-producing rate of unit glucose to D83 is 2.048 mol/mol G, which is 1.11 times than the normal sample; when we compounded B83 and D83, the methan-producing rate of unit glucose is 1.577 mol/mol G, which is 2.32 times than the normal sample. Also, when we adopted the composition of the normal molasses as the base material, the COD removal of hydrogen-producing increases 54%, the COD removal of methan-producing increases 63%, and the COD removal increases 14.1% during the same time, so we can conclude that the efficacy of bioaugmentation to the dominant HPA is very obvious, and the efficacy of bioaugmentation demonstrated the better effect of resource-rization.更多还原