【作者】 叶晓飞；

【导师】 程绍武；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 在区域性应急响应过程中,高速路网是人员和物资运输的主要通道之一,制定高速路网应急交通组织方案确保应急交通安全、高效、有序运行,对于提高区域应急管理能力,减少灾害所造成的人员伤亡和财产损失,具有重要的现实意义。仿真是优化高速路网应急交通组织方案的主要手段之一,鉴于国外各种应急管理系统中对高速路网交通组织措施的仿真还不够完善以及国内道路交通仿真系统中未突出对应急条件下高速路网交通组织仿真问题的适用性,本文在高速路网应急交通组织仿真方面做一些研究。首先,以分析高速公路主要基础设施的构成及交通组织的基本手段为出发点,总结了高速公路基本路段、入口匝道、出口匝道和、收费站以及高速路网结合点应急交通组织的措施和方法;其次,针对高速路网基础设施和应急交通组织措施的数据表示问题,基于关系模型的规范化理论,从分析仿真系统的数据需求入手,通过在概念层建立高速路网应急交通组织措施的实体-联系模型,并分析、规范实体-联系模型所蕴含的关系,建立高速路网基础设施和应急交通组织措施的关系数据模型;再次,为模拟高速路网应急交通组织措施下交通流的动态演变过程,在分析现有高速公路交通流仿真模型的基础上,运用元胞自动机建模技术,改进了传统的NS模型及任意车道的换道规则,并以高速路网各个组成部分的交通特性和交通组织措施对交通流的影响分析为基础,建立高速路网的应急交通组织的仿真模型;最后,基于AJAX框架和Google maps API,采用PHP、JavaScript面向对象编程技术,设计和开发了高速路网应急交通组织仿真系统的原型,实现了高速路网应急交通组织从输入、仿真到输出的全过程。并将仿真系统应用于哈尔滨至长春段的京哈高速公路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Freeways play an important role in transportation of emergency materials, emergency evacuation, emergency rescue and other emergency response operations of regional emergency management. To deliver Emergency materials and evacuees to the destination within a limited time, various means of traffic organization must be employed to manage numerous traffic flows which concentrates temporally and spreads widely on a freeway network. Simulation is one of the main methods to support the optimization of the FETOS. However, review of the development of a variety of foreign emergency management systems abroad, traffic organizational measures simulation is not yet perfect, as well as domestic system is not prominent under the emergent conditions. This paper does some research on freeway emergency traffic organization simulation.First, analyse and summarize traffic organizational measures and methods under emergency conditions through basic means of traffic organization. Traffic organizational measures which consists of basic sections, onramps, offramps, tollbooths, interchanges and priority control strategies were presented in the paper;Second, establish data model which is description of traffic organizational measures and freeway infrastructure based on relationship model and standardization theory. The suggested data model has significance on data supporting development of the FETOS simulation system.Third, Dynamic traffic flow model under the FETOS was presented through analysis of the existing freeway traffic flow model’s deficiencies. To improve NS model and multiple-lane traffic model using cellular automata is formation of freeway network traffic flow simulation model. Based on analysis of traffic flow characteristics of freeway network’s components and influence of traffic organizational measures, dynamic traffic flow model of freeway’s components such as ramps was also presented. The suggested model provides the core model for the simulation system;Finally, a framework of simulation system for the FETOS was presented through analysis of the elements of the FETOS and requirement of a simulation system for the FETOS at the first. The key technologies of system implementation such as Google maps API, AJAX, PHP and JavaScriptJavaScript Object-based programming techniques are also discussed. The whole simulation system was brought forth. And simulation system was used to Beijing-Harbin freeway between Harbin and Changchun.更多还原