【作者】 刁雪涛；

【导师】 金梅；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 动物学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 辽宁新品系绒山羊产绒量高,羊绒品质好,经济效益显著,通过对新品系绒山羊遗传图谱的构建和绒细度、绒产量、体重3个经济性状QTL的准确定位,为选育新品系绒山羊,建立育种核心群以及该品系的进一步开发和利用提供准确可靠的遗传信息。本研究利用辽宁新品系绒山羊的5个父系半同胞参考家系,共220个个体,构建了辽宁新品系绒山羊第9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、18、19、20号染色体的遗传图谱,在此基础上,对影响辽宁新品系绒山羊的3个经济性状绒细度、绒产量、体重的数量性状位点(Quantitative trait loci,QTL)进行了定位研究。利用popgene软件对53个微卫星位点及其在辽宁新品系绒山羊资源家族中群体遗传学特性进行了分析,对这些位点的等位基因数进行检测,平均检测到9个等位基因,最多13个,最少4个。其信息多态性检测得知平均多态信息含量为0.6901 ,最高为RM096(0.7986),最低为BM6121(0.4617),群体杂合度平均值为0.9297,最高为HUJ625(1.000),最低为BMS0745(0.7583)。53个微卫星位点除6个单态外,其余均表现为高度或中度多态性,46个高度多态性,1个中度多态性,为该资源家系从分子水平上的研究提供了可靠的依据。构建的辽宁新品系绒山羊第9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、18、19、20号染色体遗传图谱,标记间的平均间距为24.6cM。图中的微卫星标记位点的顺序与与美国USDA-MARC、澳大利亚作图组织公布的Versoin4.3和英国罗斯林研究所公布的SM4.2的绵羊遗传连锁图谱基本相一致,但标记间距大部分较后三者短。用QTL Express软件对绒产量、绒细度、体重3个经济性状进行QTL定位分析,结果表明:在辽宁新品系绒山羊第9号染色体的28cM处检测到影响绒山羊体重的QTL位点,位于标记BM2504～TGLA073之间,第10号染色体的28cM处检测到影响绒山羊绒产量的QTL位点,位于标记McM185～TGLA272之间,第13号染色体的8cM处检测到影响绒山羊绒细度的QTL位点,位于标记BMC1222～ILZRA之间,第20号染色体的32cM处检测到影响绒山羊绒细度的QTL位点,位于标记NPR3～BMS1719之间,第20号染色体的32cM处检测到影响绒山羊体重的QTL位点,位于标记NPR3～BMS1719之间。在位点BM2504～TGLA073,McM185～TGLA272,BMC1222～ILZRA,NPR3～BMS1719的附近区域分别存在影响绒山羊3个经济性状的QTL位点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Liaoning new breed of cashmere goats have a significant economic benefit because of the high yield of cashmere and good cashmere fineness, so we pay special attention to improve the fineness and weight of cashmere goat. The constructing of Liaoning new breed of cashmere goat genetic maps and accurate positioning of economic traits QTL could provide accurate and reliable genetic information for breeding, establishment of the core group and further development and use of this breed.A referencing flock having 5 paternal half-sib families totaling 220 individuals from Liaoning new breed of cashmere goat was utilised to construct the genetic maps of 9th, 10th , 11th , 12th , 13th , 14th , 15th , 16th , 18th , 19th and 20th chromosomes in Liaoning new breed of cashmere goats, and made the QTL mapping analysis for 3 economic traits (weight, cashmere yield and fineness).Analyzed the 53 microsatellite loci using popgene software and their population genetics characteristic in Liaoning new breed of cashmere goat, detected the alleles which had an average of 9 alleles (4-13). The average PIC was 0.6901 (0.4617-0.7986) and the average H was 0.9297 (0.7583-1.0000). Those microsatellite loci had 46 high polymorphic and 1 middle polymorphic except 6 single state, which provided a reliable basis for this resources family on the molecular level.The genetic maps of 9th, 10th , 11th , 12th , 13th , 14th , 15th , 16th , 18th , 19th and 20th chromosomes in Liaoning new breed of cashmere goats had an average of 24.6cM spacing between markers, and the order of microsatellite markers were consistent with the sheep genetic linkage map of Versoin 4.3 announced in Australia and USDA-MARC, and SM 4.2 announced in the U.K. Roslin Institute but a little shorter.The QTL analysis of cashmere goat weight, cashmere yield and fineness was performed by using QTL Express. It showed that: on the 9th chromosome, there was a QTL effecting weight in 28 cM between BM2504 and TGLA073; on the 10th chromosome, there was a QTL effecting cashmere yield in 28 cM between McM185 and TGLA272; on 13th chromosome, there was a QTL effecting fineness in 8 cM between BMC1222 to ILZRA; on 20th chromosome, there was a QTL effecting fineness and weight in 32 cM between NPR3 to BMS1719. There were 3 QTL position effecting 3 economic traits between BM2504 and TGLA073, McM185 and TGLA272, BMC1222 to ILZRA and NPR3 to BMS1719.更多还原