【作者】 杨慧玲；

【导师】 尹怀宁；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 环境科学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 湿地是由喜水生物和过湿环境构成的特殊自然综合体,位于生物圈、水圈、岩石圈和大气圈的交汇处,是各种能流和物流交换与作用的场所。它是地球上重要的生存环境和生态系统,具有稳定环境,物种基因保护和资源利用功能,与森林、海洋一起并称为全球三大生态系统类型,分别被誉为“地球之肾”、“生命摇篮”和“物种基因库”。随着湿地研究的展开和深入,湿地生态系统的服务功能价值越来越受到人们的重视。本文以双台子河口滨海湿地为研究对象,在对国内外相关领域研究进展、评价方法以及研究区自然地理环境和社会经济条件进行综合概述的基础上,参考Costanza等人的研究成果将双台子河口滨海湿地生态系统服务功能分为九小功能类型、六大价值体系、两大分类系统。并依据2006年双台子河口生态监控区海洋经济专项调查报告及盘锦年鉴等,运用生态经济学理论和研究方法,对该区湿地生态系统服务功能进行分析并估算其价值。结果表明,该区生态系统服务功能总价值为243.14亿元/年,其中物质生产价值80.52亿元,大气调节价值22.87亿元,水调节价值18.12亿元,环境净化价值0.29亿元,生物多样性价值2.97亿元,护岸价值31.66亿元,成陆造地价值49.11亿元,教育与科研价值17.86亿元,旅游价值19.74亿元;从所属的三大类服务功能价值量来看,资源功能价值最大,占湿地功能总价值的53.32%,其次为环境功能价值,占31.22%,而人文功能价值仅占15.46%;从所属的三大效益类型来看,直接利用价值最大,占湿地总价值的61.43%,其次为间接利用价值,占31.22%,存在价值仅占7.35%。通过对双台子河口滨海湿地生态系统服务功能的分析及其价值估算,以及当前存在问题的剖析,系统认识双台子河口滨海湿地生态系统为人类提供的巨大服务功能,对于调控该区社会经济发展,实现湿地资源可持续利用,以达到社会、经济和生态效益三者兼得具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In Shuangtaizi estuary, there are rich coastal wetland and inland wetland resources. These wetland resources have provide abundant ecological services function to human society. Human have been increasingly convinced of the importance of the marsh in maintaining ecological security and nation’s economic development.The wetlands is a special natural complex compound and is constituted by the hydrophilous biology and the excessively wet environment. It is located in the biosphere, the hydrosphere, the lithosphere and the atmosphere intersection point and the exchange of each kind of energy flow and the physical distribution may happen there. It is the important survival environment and the ecosystem on the Earth, it has the stable environment, the species gene protection and the resources usage functions, with forests, oceans together referred to as the world’s three major ecosystem types, they are called respectively "kidneys of the earth","the crade of life" and "species gene bank".With the start and in-depth of wetlands study, wetland ecosystem in the value of the service function is receiving increasing attention. This paper , regards Shuangtaizi estuary coastal wetland as the object of study, based on the comprehensive summary of the research progress , the methods of evaluation and the geographical environment and socio-economic conditions of the study area in related fields both at home and abroad, refers to the research results of Costanza et al, divides the ecosystem services function of the study area into nine types of small functions, six value systems and two classification systems . According as special report of marine economy investigation of ecology monitoring area ,in Shuangtaizi estuary ,2006 and Panjin annual ,etc, using ecological economics theory and investigative means ,the paper analyses ecosystem services function and estimates service value.The results showed that the total value of the Shuangtaizi estuary wetland service is about 24.31 billion Yuan RMB per year, among which the material production service value is 8.05 billion Yuan RMB per year, gas regulation value is 2.29 billion Yuan RMB per year, water regulation value is 1.81 billion Yuan RMB, waste treatment value is 0.03 billion Yuan RMB, habitat value is 0.30 billion Yuan RMB, wave reduction value is 3.17 billion Yuan RMB, land make value is 4.91 billion Yuan RMB, cultural value is 1.79 billion Yuan RMB, tourism value is 1.97 billion Yuan RMB. After these services are classified into three service function value, the resource function of the marsh has the greatest value,12.96 billion Yuan RMB, accounting for 53.32 percent of the total; secondly, environment function value is 7.59 billion Yuan RMB, accounting for 31.22 percent of total; however, humanities value is 3.76 billion Yuan RMB, only accounting for 15.46 percent of total. After these services are classified into three effectiveness categories, the direct use value of the marsh is greatest, accounting for 61.43 percent of total; secondly, the indirect use value is 7.59 billion Yuan RMB, accounting for 31.22 percent of total; however, existing value is 1.79 billion Yuan RMB, only accounting for 7.35 percent of total.By analysing coastal wetland ecosystem service function and existing problems presently in Shuangtaizi estuary, and estimating its value, we understand systematically these ecosystem services function of the study area; it will have much significance about controlling the socio-economic development of the study area, carrying out the sustainability of the wetland resources,and in order to achieve social ,economic and ecological benefits.更多还原