【作者】 曾成杰；

【导师】 喻国华； 陆培东；

【作者基本信息】 南京水利科学研究院 ， 港口、海岸及近海工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 珊瑚砂岛是低纬度海域的一种生物地貌形态。作为广阔深海的宝贵陆地资源,兼顾开发深海渔业资源、矿产资源和保持国土完整、维护国家主权的重要战略意义。然而,随着全球海平面的日益上升和人为开发力度的加大,珊瑚砂岛安全面临严重威胁,保护珊瑚砂岛已经刻不容缓。珊瑚砂岛的侵蚀主要体现在珊瑚砂的流失,因而通过珊瑚砂的运动特性研究,控制砂岛的泥沙流失以期达到防护效果。而目前虽然泥沙运动理论较为完善,但珊瑚砂运动特性方面的研究并不多见,适合珊瑚砂岛防治形式也并无专门探讨。为此,本文主要完成以下几方面的研究:1.阐述了珊瑚砂的形成过程和物理特性。进行珊瑚砂起动特性水槽试验,对比当前泥沙理论中的各起动经验公式计算值与试验结果,分析二者之间差异的影响因素,总结珊瑚砂运动特性,并归纳更适合珊瑚砂的起动方程。2.通过生长发育条件,分析珊瑚砂岛独特的地形特征及岛上的潮流、波浪等海洋动力环境。结合水动力条件,探讨砂岛不同部位泥沙的运动形式,指出珊瑚砂流失的可能途径。3.总结广泛应用的海岸防护的各种形式,阐明各形式所适合的防护岸线类型。针对珊瑚砂流失机理及路径,提出了珊瑚砂岛的防护形式理念。采用物理模型试验的方法,得到不同防护形式下的防护效果,验证所提出的防护思路的正确性。并进行设计方案的优化试验,以达到更佳的防护效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Coral island is a special kind of bio-geomorphologic patterns. Existing in the low-latitude tropical ocean, it’s very important for the development and utilization of the fishery and mineral resources, even has the significance for the protection of the national territory. At present, as the rising sea-level and the increasing development, protections for coral island to against the destruction are needed immediately. The corrosion mainly manifests in the loss of coral sand, so according to the research of movement theory, to control the loss is aimed to protect island. However, a comprehensive discussion on movement characteristics of coral sand is almost absent previously. And little research had been taken on the effect of protection for coral island. The main works of this paper are as follows:(1) Analyzing the product process, the physical properties of coral sand were comprehended. Compared the results which were given by empirical formula and flume experiment, considered the influencing factors, movement characteristics and suitable empirical formula of coral sand were summarized.(2) Based on the growth conditions, the topographical features of coral island and the dynamic environment around island were studied. The movement forms of coral sand caused by hydrodynamic condition at different part of island were discussed. And the possible ways for the loss of sand was pointed out.(3) According to the summary about several types of protection which were widely used, the suitable protections for each shoreline types were expounded. Based on the study of the loss of coral sand, the probability ideas of protection for coral island were given. Through the physical model experiment, the effects of different protections confirmed the ideas. In order to achieve better effects, more optimizations should be taken in the program.更多还原