【作者】 王才慧；

【导师】 刘爱军；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨师范大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 民生问题是构建和谐社会的核心内容,它关系到人们的基本生活和切身利益,关系到一个国家和社会的公平、正义、和谐。同时,民生问题也是社会广泛关注的热点焦点问题。在全面建设小康社会的过程中,要切实做到国家与社会要健康、和谐、协调地持续发展,就必须要关注民生,解决民生,改善民生。本文的主要观点是从马克思主义哲学的视角解读民生问题。当前我国的民生现状是就业问题严重,收入差距过大,社会保障体系有待进一步完善,再有就是面临着的教育发展问题解决。针对当前民生的现状,从马克思主义哲学的视角出发阐述解决好民生问题的理论依据和现实意义是本文的核心思想。文章主要分为五个部分,首先是对于民生问题的一般性概述,主要是对民生的科学内涵作以简要的概述,同时对于当前我国社会民生现状进行分析。第二部分是对中国传统民生思想的追溯,从先秦时期的民本思想到孙中山先生的“民生主义”,这些思想都反映了当时社会对于民生问题的关注,分析中国传统的民生思想关键是与马克思主义民生思想作比较性分析,从而坚定马克思主义信仰。文章的重点也是中心部分是对于民生问题的马克思主义哲学阐释,从马克主义哲学的视角深入分析了民生问题的主体思想,民生思想是马克思主义历史唯物主义的深刻命题,也是马克思主义中国化的重要思想内容,体现了“三个代表”的重要思想和科学发展观的题中之意。因此重视民生问题的研究有着深刻的理论依据。最后交待了致力于关注民生问题,研究民生思想的理论和现实意义即当代价值的体现,同时简单阐述了解决民生问题的有效途径。民生问题一直是中国社会发展过程中存在普遍问题,不同的社会形态下民生思想所蕴含的深刻意义不同,民生的具体内容也有所迥异。诸如中国古代的民本思想,更多的是关注与百姓的一般生活状况,其根本目的在于对当时统治者利益的维护。传统的民本思想在一定程度上反映了统治者对于百姓生活的关注,但就其本质而言是为统治阶级服务的。又如孙中山先生的民生主义,是资产阶级为实现国家民族繁荣所作出的努力与探索,一定程度上反映出当时社会发展的阶级要求,有着积极而又深远的意义。然而究其本质而言同马克主义民生思想有着根本的不同。孙中山的民生主义归根结底是为实现资本主义的发展,为资产阶级服务。在文章的写作过程中主要是注意对传统思想的整理研究和分析,运用比较分析的方法进行问题的阐述,在此基础上进行总结分析,提出自己的一些观点,以及当今解决民生问题的几点意见。在理论层面上注意与当今社会关注的热点话题的有机结合,为当前工作寻其理论依据这是本文的创新之处。从马克思主义哲学的视角解读民生问题,无论是在丰富唯物史观方面,还是对于当前全面建设小康社会而言都有着重要的理论和现实意义。当今社会唯物史观已经不仅仅是作为一种传统意义上的为阶级服务的理论指导,而民生问题超出了阶级的界限而成为当代社会全体人民的普遍要求和共同愿望,因此民生问题作为当代出场向度,紧贴时代主题,与时俱进,从而丰富和深化了唯物史观的理论内容。另一方面解读民生问题对于指导我国的中国特色的社会主义实践有着深远的意义。只有深入的了解分析当今社会存在的民生问题,才能够在今后的社会实践中把握方向,从而更好的解决民生问题。因此要坚持理论与实践相结合,与时俱进,不断创新,全面落实科学发展观,构建和谐社会,进而实现中华民族的伟大复兴。更多还原

【Abstract】 The livelihood of the people question is the construction harmonious society’s core content, it relates people’s basic life and the vital interest, relates to a country and the society fair. At the same time, the livelihood of the people question also is the social widespread attention hot spot and focal point. In the comprehensive construction well-off society’s process, it achieves the country and the society practically wants the health, the harmony, continually to develop coordinated, have to pay attention to the livelihood of the people, solve livelihood of the people, and improve livelihood of the people. This article major point is from the Marxist philosophy angle of view explanation livelihood of the people question. The current our country’s livelihood of the people present situation is that the employment question is serious, income differential oversized, the social security system pending further consummates, and the education development question solutionThe article mainly divides into five parts: the first is regarding the livelihood of the people question general run-through, it mainly explicates the livelihood of the people scientific connotation by the brief outline. And introduces simultaneously regarding current our country society livelihood of the people present situation. The second is to the Chinese tradition livelihood of the people thought backward, from pre-Qin period’s“people this thought”to Sun Zhongshan‘s“people’s livelihood”, these thought had all reflected at that time the society regarding the livelihood of the people question attention, analyzed the Chinese tradition the livelihood of the people thought, Whose key is makes the relativity analysis with the Marxism livelihood of the people thought, thus firm Marxism belief. The article emphasized is that regarding the livelihood of the people question Marxist philosophy explanation. It has analyzed the livelihood of the people question main body thought from the Mark principle philosophy angle of view, the livelihood of the people thought is thoroughly the Marxism historical materialism profound proposition, also is the Marxism Chinese important ideological content, has manifested "The Three Represents’important thought and in the science development view topic meaning. The value livelihood of the people question research has the profound theory basis. The last part transferred theory and the practical significance and contemporary value about the attention and the research livelihood of the people question. Simultaneously was simple elaborated the solution livelihood of the people question effective way. The livelihood of the people question always is in the China social development process has the universal problem, under the different form of society the livelihood of the people thought contains the profound significance is different, such as Chinese ancient times people this thought, had reflected to a certain extent ruler attention which lives regarding the common people, but speaking of its essence is serves for the ruling class. Also like Mr. Sun Zhongshan’s people’s livelihood, reflects is the bourgeoisie for realizes diligently and the exploration which the national nationality prospers makes, investigates its essence to say with the Mark principle livelihood of the people thought has the basic difference. Sun Zhongshan’s people’s livelihood is for in the final analysis the realization capitalism development, serves for the bourgeoisieMainly is the attention studies in the article writing process to the traditional thought reorganization and analyzes, carries on the question using the comparative analysis method the elaboration, carries on the summary analysis in this foundation, proposed own some viewpoints, as well as solve livelihood of the people question several opinions now. Analyzes the topic in the theory stratification plane which the society pays attention now, provides certain theory for it to rest on this is the this article place of innovation. From Marxist philosophy angle of view explanation livelihood of the people question, regardless of is in the rich historical materialism aspect, speaking of the comprehensive construction well-off society all has the important theory and the practical significance. Only then the thorough understanding analysis the social being livelihood of the people question, only then will be able to grasp the direction now in the next social practice, thus better solution livelihood of the people question. Therefore we must insist the theory and the practice unifies, keep space with the times, carry out the science development view comprehensively, and construct harmonious society, and then realize nationality’s great revival更多还原