基于面向对象的城市道路微观交通仿真的研究与设计

【作者】 李芳珍；

【导师】 许伦辉；

【作者基本信息】 江西理工大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 城市交通系统是一个随机的、复杂的大系统,难以在现实交通环境中对其进行反复的建模与控制研究,所以应用计算机技术进行交通仿真就成了一种很有效的技术手段。利用交通仿真,可以逼真地仿真交通流的各种交通现象,深入地分析各类交通特性,为有效地进行交通规划、交通组织与管理提供一个直观、高效、灵活的实验和测试平台。而且通过仿真的方法,可以实时再现城市局部的交通流现象,通过多次仿真运行优化其控制参数,为交通组织管理提供决策依据。因此,交通仿真在城市交通控制方面的研究有很大的应用前景。本文以面向对象程序设计思想为基础,以包括三个交叉口的道路为研究对象,采用基于交通流理论的车辆运动模型和计算机仿真理论构建城市交通微观仿真软件。该软件是以Visual C++6.0为开发平台,用C++编程实现了功能模块。其基本具备了路网构建和管理、交通流运行的实时动画仿真、交通模拟控制及数据统计等功能。具体内容如下:1.运用面向对象方法与可视化技术开发了城市交通微观仿真系统。首先阐述了仿真的基础理论交通流理论,在交叉口的控制方法上,提出了模糊控制策略。2.城市交通微观仿真系统的模型体系研究。交通微观仿真系统的模型体系是交通仿真的核心内容,模型体系的正确性直接决定了仿真系统的成败。本文主要立足于城市道路微观交通流仿真系统的建模与实现,首先选定和改进了适合计算机模拟的微观交通流的各仿真模型:路网模型、交通信号控制模型、车辆产生模型、车辆自由行驶和跟驰模型、交叉口交通仿真模型等。然后把这些模型有机地结合起来,编制各模型的实现模块,确定系统的仿真方法。3.通过具体实验,对软件的功能进行了测试分析,同时也验证了模型算法实现的可行性和模型的逼真度,进而说明了该系统的实用功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Urban traffic system is such a stochastic and complicated system that it is impossible to study of modeling and control among real traffic environment again and again. Thus, traffic simulation by computer becomes a great effective method. By traffic simulation, we can simulate various traffic phenomena, in-depth analyze various traffic characters. The traffic simulation provides a visual, effective and flexible experiment and test platform. Furthermore, the simulation can reappear urban local traffic flow phenomena and multiple simulation operations can provide us control parameter optimization and reference for decision of traffic organization. Traffic simulation get a wide application foreground in research of urban traffic control.In this paper, based on the object-oriented programming, microscopic simulation software of urban traffic is realized using vehicle-moving model from traffic flow theory and computer simulation theory, in which a main road consisting of three intersections in series is taken as research object. Based on the object-oriented software development thinking and Visual C++ 6.0 for the development platform, and the main functions implemented through C++ programming. The system basically realizes the following functions such as network construction and management, simulation of animation for vehicle motion, traffic control simulation, data statistic and so on. Concrete contents are as following:1. The urban microscopic traffic system simulator is developed with the object-oriented method and visualization technology. First, this paper introduces the traffic flow phenomena which is the basic theories of simulation, and the fuzzy control theory which is applied to the crossings control.2. The investigation of urban microscopic traffic simulation on model system. Model system is the core content of urban microscopic traffic simulation system. The validity of model system decided the success or failure of urban microscopic traffic simulation system directly. The thesis mainly based on modeling and practicing system of microscopic traffic flow simulation in urban arterial. First of all, we have established models of microscopic traffic flow, such as : network model, car-generation model, car-following model, signal control model, event responding model, etc. Then have programmed module of all models, and determined the method of system simulation.3. A concrete simulation experiment is introduced in the paper, which tested the software functions and validated the software realization of the traffic participant algorithm and the fidelity of the traffic participant behaviors, and more the software is illustrated by examples for explanation of its actual use.更多还原