【作者】 张浩斌；

【导师】 龙夫年；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 光学工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 二元光学是基于光波的衍射理论,利用计算机辅助设计,并利用微电子技术中的超大规模集成电路制作工艺,在片基上(或传统光学元件表面)刻蚀产生多个台阶深度的浮雕结构的衍射光学元件的一门前沿交叉学科。二元光学元件具有体积小、重量轻、设计自由度多、材料可选性宽、色散性能独特及衍射效率高等优点,现已广泛应用于红外光学系统、光纤通信、全息显示、光学扫描、图像识别和图像处理、生物医学、国防军事等领域。将二元光学技术应用于航天光学遥感系统,有助于减小系统的体积和重量,提高系统的性能,降低系统的成本。本文围绕二元光学在成像系统设计中的相关理论,设计了具有二元光学校正元件的离轴三反射镜光学系统。二元光学元件扩大了系统的视场,使之达到4°×3°,成像质量接近衍射极限。本文的主要内容包括:光学系统技术指标的确定,传统反射式光学系统的设计,具有二元光学校正元件的反射式光学系统的设计,二元光学元件对像差校正作用的分析以及二元光学元件制作误差对衍射效率的影响的分析。利用二元光学元件扩大反射式光学系统的视场在理论上是可行的。带有二元光学校正元件的反射式光学系统可设计用于可见光和红外波段的空间目标监视、对地遥感观测等领域。更多还原

【Abstract】 Binary optics is an advanced interdisciplinary branch of optics based on the optical wave diffraction theory. Binary optical elements (BOEs) are diffractive optical elements (DOEs) that are fabricated on substrates or conventional optical elements using very large scale integration (VLSI) technology. Binary optics has many advantages, such as small size, light weight, more design variables, wide range of optional materials, peculiar dispersion performance, high diffraction efficiency, etc. Therefore, it has been proved to be very useful in many practical applications, for infrared optical systems, optical fiber communication, holographic displays, image processing, biomedicine, national defense and military affairs, etc. Applying binary optical technology on the optical remote sensing system can realize the reduction of system’s size and weight, enhance system’s optical performance, and reduce system’s cost.The theories related to hybrid imaging optical systems are investigated in this thesis. A three mirror anastigmat (TMA) system with BOE is designed. The TMA’s field-of-view (FOV) can be expanded into 4°×3°. Result shows that, this system can provide nearly diffraction-limited imaging quality.The main work in this thesis can be summarized as follows: the determining of the qualifications of optical system, the design of conventional reflective optical system, the design of reflective optical system with BOE, the analysis of the effect of BOE, and the analysis of the fabrication errors that affect the diffractive efficiencies of BOEs.It’s feasible that expanding the FOVs of reflective optical systems utilizing BOEs. The reflective optical systems with BOEs can be designed to operate at visible or infrared wavelengths for applications in surveillance of targets in space, remote sensing and so on.更多还原