【作者】 黄维达；

【导师】 杨小平； 梁斌；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着微小型卫星的发展,以及我国对地观测和空间对接的需要,我们需要卫星对姿态进行高精度的控制。这就要求卫星上的姿态敏感器不仅要获得高精度的姿态信息,而且要求质量轻、功耗低。与地球敏感器、太阳敏感器等其他姿态敏感器相比,星敏感器具有测量精度高、功耗低、无漂移等优点,并且和陀螺仪一样具有自主导航的能力,非常符合目前航天发展的需要。随着CMOS图像传感器技术的发展,其成像质量能够与CCD图像传感器相媲美,同时CMOS图像传感器还具有功耗低、集成度高等优点。CMOS星敏感器比CCD星敏感器体积更小、重量更轻、功耗更低,大有取代CCD星敏感器之势。星敏感器获得高精度姿态的首要前提是采集到一幅质量好的图像,因此,星敏感器中图像采集系统设计的好坏直接影响到星敏感器输出姿态的精度高低。为完成基于CMOS图像传感器的图像采集系统设计,本文主要完成了以下工作:(1)对目前星敏感器的硬件电路结构进行分析,根据课题组实际条件设计CMOS星敏感器的硬件电路总体结构;(2)以Cypress公司的IBIS5-B-1300型CMOS图像传感器为核心,设计CMOS星敏感器的图像采集系统;(3)根据IBIS5-B-1300型CMOS图像传感器的工作流程,用Verilog HDL语言实现图像传感器所需的驱动程序设计。采用Xilinx公司的FPGA作为图像传感器的驱动芯片,产生图像传感器所需的时序信号。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of micro-satellite and the need of Earth observation mission or space docking mission, we need to control the satellite precisely. Thus we require the attitude sensor on the satellite not only be highly precise, but also be light and consumes less power. Compared to earth sensor, sun sensor and other sensors, star tracker has the advantages of high precision of measurement, low power consumption, no attitude error accumulation. And star tracker has the ability of autonomous navigation like gyroscope. All these advantages make the star tracker satisfies the need of the aerospace development.With the CMOS image sensor technology developing, the image quality of some CMOS image sensor is as good as that of CCD image sensor. Meanwhile, the CMOS image sensor has the advantage of high integration, low power consumption. And CMOS star tracker occupies less space, is lighter and consumes less power than the CCD star tracker, so CMOS star tracker is likely to replace the CCD star tracker in the future.To obtain a high quality image, a good image obtaining system is needed. In order to design the image obtaining system of CMOS star tracker, the following work is done:(1) The hardware structure of the star tracker is analyzed. And the hardware of the CMOS star tracker is designed according to the condition of the lab.(2) The image obtaining system of the CMOS star tracker is designed, whose image sensor is IBIS5-B-1300 made by Cypress.(3) Based on the work process of the CMOS sensor IBIS5-B-1300, we design the driver of this image sensor with Verilog HDL language. The FPGA chip of Xilinx is used as the driver of the image sensor to generate the signal that image sensor needs.更多还原