【作者】 陈夏盛；

【导师】 王煜； 仝文俊；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 控制科学与工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 数据采集技术是信息技术的重要组成之一,是计算机获取信息的主要手段,在工业生产和科学研究等许多领域具有广泛的应用。本文以实际工程应用为背景,在分析了血细胞分析仪的基本原理以及应用需求的基础上,并基于系统对数据采集高速、大容量、同步等特点的要求,提出采用Nios II +μC/OS II + DDR2 + Ethernet的数据采集系统设计方案。该方案中Nios II为软核处理器,运行嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS II,DDR2为高速数据存储设备,Ethernet为系统与计算机的连接方式——百兆以太网。硬件设计上,着重探讨了DDR2高速电路的设计与信号完整性仿真、基于FPGA的以太网模块设计、系统电源模块设计等,并对各模块设计的关键部分进行了详细介绍。然后通过实验初步调试来验证系统硬件设计的正确性。逻辑设计上,深入研究了当前各种IP核(知识产权核),并根据需求设计自定义外设控制器IP核,同时利用IP核技术设计数据采集模块逻辑电路,解决了系统设计中用传统方案难于解决的高速数据同步采集难题。然后基于已有IP核和自定义IP核构建SOPC系统。嵌入式系统设计上,研究了基于μC/OS II的驱动程序设计和软件开发,通过消息邮箱通信机制和中断处理实现了嵌入式多任务应用程序的设计,最终建立了数据采集系统的RTOS。最后,设计数据采集系统的远程控制软件平台和数据分析处理软件平台。通过实验测试和工程应用验证了该数据采集存储系统方案设计的正确性以及工程应用的可行性,为数据采集领域尤其是高速数据采集提供一种高效的解决方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 The data acquisition technology, which is one of the important parts and parcels of the information technology and the primary means for computers to acquire information, is widely used in many fields, such as industry, science and so on.This thesis takes the actual project as a background. In the analysis of the hematology analyzer’s basic principle as well as in the application demand, and based on high-speed, high-capacity, synchronization, and other characteristics of the system requirements, a data acquisition system design proposal that uses Nios II +μC/OS II + DDR2 + Ethernet is proposed. In this plan Nios II takes the soft-core processor, running embedded real-time operating systemμC/OS II. DDR2 is the high speed data storage device, and the interface between system and computer is 100Mbit/s ethernet.Hardware design of this thesis, focuses on DDR2 high-speed circuit design and signal integrity simulation, FPGA-based Ethernet module design, system power source module design and so on, and also carries on the detailed introduction to the various modules design’s essential part. The accuracy of the design is confirmed through the experiment preliminary debugging.Logic design, in-depth study of the current IP cores (intellectual property core), accomplishes custom peripheral controller IP core design according to the demand. Simultaneously, the data gathering module logic circuit is achieved by using the IP core techno logy. This has solved the high speed data gathering difficult problem which is difficulty to solve with traditional plans in the system design. And then, the SOPC system is structured by using the acquired IP cores and self designed IP cores.Embedded systems design, in study of driver design and the software development based onμC/OS II, realizes the embedded multi-duty application programm design through the news mailbox correspondence mechanism and the interrupt processing. The data acquisition system’s RTOS is established ultimately. Finally, the remote control software platform and the data analysis & process software platform for the data acquisition system are designed and accomplished. By analyzing the test results and engineering application, the correctness of the system design and the feasibility of its engineering application have been validated. This research provides one kind of highly effective solution for data acquisition domain particularly in high-speed data gathering.更多还原