【作者】 郑雷；

【导师】 崔玉龙；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 检测技术与自动化装置， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着电力电子技术的发展,非线性负载应用越来越广泛,对电网产生的污染问题也随之增大。传统的谐波抑制方法是使用无源滤波器,此种方法具有很大的弊端,其滤波效果受电力系统阻抗的影响较大,且只能消除特定次数的谐波,而有源电力滤波器(APF)具有良好的跟踪性能,不受系统阻抗影响,近几年得到越来越广泛的关注。本文首先阐述了有源电力滤波器的背景和发展现状,然后对有源电力滤波器的分类、控制方式和工作原理作了进一步的研究,并在比较了多种谐波电流检测方法之后,选择基于瞬时无功功率理论的i_p-i_q谐波检测方法。有源电力滤波器的控制系统是决定滤波器性能的关键,选择一种有效的补偿控制方法,才能使有源电力滤波器的实时性和动态补偿功能充分发挥。本文重点研究有源电力滤波器控制方法,在研究了目前国内外广泛应用的有源电力滤波器控制方法基础上,选择最有效的三种方法进行分析,分别是瞬时值比较法、三角波比较法和空间矢量控制法。针对这三种方法,本文使用MATLAB/SIMULINK搭建了有源电力滤波器模型,并对每种方法进行了详细的仿真分析,仿真结果验证了各种方法的有效性,通过比较优缺点,结论是空间矢量法更易于数字化实现,而且对主电路开关器件的损耗最小,于是选择空间矢量法来设计基于DSP的控制系统在理论分析和仿真研究的基础上,设计了基于TMS320F2812DSP控制的并联型电力有源滤波器。实验结果表明,采用基于瞬时无功功率理论的i_p-i_q谐波电流检测法和空间矢量补偿法能够实时、准确地补偿电网中的谐波电流。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of power electronic technology, non-linear loads are widely applied, which leads to serious pollution to power network. The traditional way to restrain the harmonics is to install the passive filter, but it is easily influenced by the system impedance and can only eliminate harmonics of given order, however, the active power filter (APF) can overcome the limitations of the passive filter, and can precisely track and compensate the harmonics, and the performance doesn’t depend on the system characteristics, so more and more concern is put on the APF in the last few years.The paper firstly presents the backgrounds and development of active power filters, then the categories, the control methods and the theory of APF are discussed, and after comparison of multiple harmonics detection methods, the i_p-i_q calculation method based on instantaneous reactive power theory is used.The control system determines the performance of an active power filter, and an effective compensation method can assure the active power filter well performed. The paper focused on research on control methods. On the basis of researching several mainly-used compensation ways, three most effective ways were chosen to be further analyzed, which are instantaneous comparison method, triangle wave comparison method and voltage space vector control method.The simulation models of the three methods are built using MATLAB/SIMULINK tool, and a detailed simulation analysis was realized. The result of simulation showed the effectiveness of the three control methods, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of those methods, so after a complete discussion, it revealed that voltage space vector was more accurate and easier to realize on DSP, so the control system based on space vector is determined. The hardware design of the compensation circuit is also presented in the paper, including the power element selection, the capacity design and the induction design as well as realization of voltage space vector method.A shunt active power filter controlled by TMS320F2812 was built on the basis of theory analysis and simulation research.The result of the experiment showed that the i_p-i_q calculation method based on instantaneous reactive power theory combined with voltage space vector control method can precisely eliminate the harmonics in power network in real time.更多还原