【作者】 王家美；

【导师】 戴海琦；

【作者基本信息】 江西师范大学 ， 教育学原理， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 语文学习受到学校管理因素、环境因素、学生背景以及师资水平等多个方面的影响。传统的教育评价忽视了这些影响因素的作用,仅以学生的一次考试成绩作为评价依据来评价学校效能的高低,不能体现评价中科学合理、客观公正的原则,不能作出教育诊断,不能调动学校和教师的积极性。学校效能研究的兴起为教育评价的改革指出了一条发展之路。教育增值评估作为学校效能评价的一种方法是目前为止较为科学合理的一种评价方法。该方法借助于统计中的多层线性模型,考虑到学生学习多个方面的影响因素,在控制这些影响因素的基础上考察学校和教师对于学生学习的增值效果。本研究以上饶市三十所高级中学的语文学科作为样本进行学校效能的教育增值评估,从中得出以下结论:(1)多层线性模型是较为有效的教育增值评估模型。(2)原始分与增值分的评价结果有显著差异。(3)学生的中考语文成绩、学习能力水平以及学生的性别对于高中语文增值有显著影响。(4)学校的平均入学成绩、学校的类别、学校的规模等对于高中语文增值有显著影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese learning is influenced by school management, environment, background of students, competence of teachers and so on, which, however, are ignored in the traditional educational assessment where school performance is explicitly evaluated in terms of students’scores in the university entrance examination. Obviously, a reasonable and objective principle can not be applied in this way, neither can educational diagnosing stand. In the meanwhile, School performance effects study has been gaining some increasing popularity and pointing out a new way for the reformation of educational evaluation. As one of the methods of assessing school performance, value-added assessment is accepted better than any of the others so far as its reasonability is concerned. In such a way, in view of student’s multi-level covariates in the course of learning, Hierarchical Linear Models (HLM) have been used for value-added analysis. In this research, with the sample data gathered from 30 senior high schools in Shangrao city, school effectiveness is measured on the basis of students’gains, implicitly controlling for some background factors that influence initial levels of achievement. As a result, a conclusion will be reached: 1) HLM is a better accepted model for educational assessment. 2) The result of value-added measures is quite different from that of students’scores from the current year. 3) It should be noted that students’gender, previous score and ability can remarkably influence Chinese value-added measures.4) Students’average score in the entrance examination for high school education, the category and size of their school can also give an important impact on Chinese value-added measures.更多还原