【作者】 张善稳；

【导师】 傅菊根；

【作者基本信息】 安徽理工大学 ， 工程力学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 预应力混凝土空心板梁桥由于受力明确,构造简单,易于标准化预制生产及施工,是国内较大和中跨径桥梁中应用最为广泛的桥型之一。当前,随着我国经济的飞速发展,交通运输出现了重载、高速、大流量现代运输结构的发展趋向,这也给预应力混凝土板梁桥的设计和施工提出了更新更高的要求。但由于其构件形式的多样,加之施工控制的不规范,这些板梁在预制阶段或使用中出现了各种问题。因此,改善空心板梁的施工技术和正确评估成品梁的实际承载能力,可以减少损失,降低工程造价,对节约工程投资具有重大的理论和现实意义。本文在综合预应力空心板梁结构的特点,分析常用几种内模的优缺点,研究设计了能完全保证内空腔尺寸的钢制芯模板,并提出了制作和安装的施工方法,以解决工程施工经常出现顶板偏薄的问题。对指导该类型空心板梁设计与施工,并从技术的层面上为确保该类型空心板梁设计、施工质量奠定了基础。预应力筋张拉控制技术是整个预应力混凝土结构中最关键的技术。预应力筋有效预应力大小的建立,直接影响预应力效果和构件质量。本文详细分析了后张法施加预应力的工艺流程,并对施工中的不足和错误观点进行剖析,给出了预加应力计算方法的建议,并通过与实测值的偏差校核,从而较为客观的反映出实际施工质量。文中通过对预应力混凝土宽幅空心板梁进行承载能力试验和理论计算。分析了这类板梁的受力及变形特征,采集空心板梁在分级加载至设计荷载全过程的应力、挠度、裂缝宽度等数据。不仅为既有同类预应力混凝土板梁的承载能力评定方法研究提供依据,也对当前这类板梁设计中存在困惑的地方进行验证,并检验评估了成品梁实际承载能力和结构构造设计的合理性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Prestressed concrete hollow beam bridge is the bigger and one of the widest used medium span bridges in China, as for it clear stress, simple struction and easy to precast production standardly or construction. For now, with the economy developed swiftly, stransportation becomes heavy-duty, high rate, large capacity modern transportation structure which gives so many higher and newer requires to the design and construction of prestressed concrete hollow beam bridge. But for these kinds of conponents and the construction control is not spesification, they have so many problems in precasting and using. Therefore,improving the construction technology of hollow beams and evaluating the real loading capacity of finished beams rightly can decrease loss, save the project cost and also has important theoretical and real meaning to save the project investment.This article integrates the characteristics of precasting hollow beams, analyses the advantages and disadvantages of some often uesd internal mold,designs steel core mold that can assurant the size of the internal cavity and proposes the making and fixing methods which can solve the problems that the roofs are so thin often in construction. That the article instructs the design and construction of this kind of hollow beams, and establish the foundation of the design and the quality of construction from the technical aspect.The control technic of prestressing tension is the key in the whole prestressed concrete structure. The building of prestressing tension is derectly influncing the prestressing effect and the components quality. This article analyses the technological process of post-tension applying prestress method and analyses the shortages and mistakes in the construction. Also it gives some suggests on prestressed calculation methods and checks the measured value,thus reflects the real quality of construction objectively.This article tests and calculates the load-carrying ability of prestressed concrete wide-span hollow beams, analses the stress and detemplateation features of these beams, collects the datas of prestressing, deflection and crack width hollow beams from step loading to design loading. It not only provides evidence for the load capacity of homogeneous prestressed concrete beams, also certificates some quizzical local in the beams designing.And evaluates the designing rationality of finished product beams and real loading capacity and structure.更多还原