【作者】 董春勇；

【导师】 刘盛东；

【作者基本信息】 安徽理工大学 ， 地质工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 煤层开采过程中上覆岩层的变形和破坏对矿井安全高效生产带来严重的影响,岩体破坏形成的导水裂隙带高度是矿井水害防治重要的技术参数。目前,获得覆岩破坏高度值的技术方法以地面探测和数值模拟为主,井下有效的测试技术方法相对较少。本论文以直流电法成像技术为基础,利用自主研发的并行网络电法采集技术,重点围绕工作面煤层开采过程中覆岩破坏问题开展研究,努力形成井下动态监测方法,为煤矿安全生产提供有效的技术保障服务。结合网络并行电法数据采集特点,论文针对矿井工作面采厚及地质条件不同,在工作面顶板中设计相应的监测钻孔深度、倾角和电极数量建立动态观测系统,监测顶板破坏情况。论文主要对电法数据处理进行了研究:自然电位法分析采煤过程中自然电位变化情况;一次场激励电流法分析供电电流在采煤过程中供电电流的变化情况;电阻率法反演技术分析采煤过程中视电阻率变化情况。利用以上三种方法数据处理结果,综合分析煤层开采过程中上覆岩体破坏发展规律。通过在祁南煤矿342工作面和许疃煤矿3432工作面观测孔现场应用,所得成果为:随着回采工作面不断向监测点推进,自然电位值由升高—降低—升高的变化趋势,电极电位值变化集中的拐点可以做为覆岩体破坏异常区域范围边界;一次场激励电流值由升高—降低—升高的变化趋势,显示了上覆岩体破裂、有导水通道连通和碎石压实的过程,电极电流值变化集中拐点可以判断异常区域范围边界;视电阻率值在采空区上方升高的范围不断扩大,局部区域电阻率值甚至是背景值的上千倍,离层、超前影响带、冒落带和裂隙带发育直观。该方法可以直观地动态监测裂隙带的发育形态以及采动矿压的显现规律,并与井下回采实际验证和其他探测方法资料对比所得结果基本吻合。论文同时也指出了网络并行电法数据处理中存在问题及今后的研究方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 The deformation of overburden strata of mining face caused by coal mining bring Serious impact on the mine efficient production, and the height of a permeable fracture zone caused by rock mass destruction is the important technical parameter of coalmine water disaster’s prophylaxis and treatment. Presently, technology obtaining the height of overburden deformation is ground location and numerical simulation, and testing technology underground is relatively less. This paper bases on the theory of electrical imaging technology , the main reasearch was about how to detect overburden failure during the coal face by using network parallel electrical method acquisition technology to supply effective technology indemnification serve for coalmine safe production.Paper had been builed survelliance systems acconding to difference kinds of geology condition and coal face thickly, it designed on the uppper plate to depth,dip angle and electrode quantity in coal face and constructed dynamic observing ststem for monitoring overburden failure condition. The paper main reasearched about how to data processe : in natural electric potential method analysis coal mining process, natural electric potential changes condition; one time of field excitations electric current follows analytical current supply electric current in the voltaic change condition supplying electricity in coal mining process; the resistivity method backcalculation technology analyses coal mining process Central resistivity change condition. Comprehensive analysis coal seam had exploited rock mass destroying the development law by using all above three kinds method data handling result.The method had applied to the fact that 342 face of Qi Nan coal mine and the 3432 face of Xu tuan coal mine ,the gains conclusion :Working face had moved forward to monitoring point unceasingly, natural electric potential value had reduced change trend rising from the power-up , all together point of inflection of electrode electric potential value change can do the border destroying abnormal area range for covering a rock mass;A field excitation electric current value had reduced the change trend rising from the power-up , it had demonstrated the process going ahead covering a rock mass breaking ,that it had been leading water passage connection and the breakstone compaction, all together point of inflection of electrode electric current value change can judge for abnormal area range border; Apparent resistivity value had expanded unceasingly in the range rising above goaf, part area resistivity value was worth background of resistivity thousandfold even .Bed separation, leading infection, caving zone and fractured zone had been developmented significantly. The methon had turn to be able to the dynamic monitoring the simultaneous growth of crack form manifesting law as well as the spirit moves ore pressure’s penetrating, backstoping reality verifies and sounds other method data contrast with in the pit, the gains conclusion basically identical. The paper haved pointed out at the same time data processing of network parallel electrical method naturally problem and researched direction in future.更多还原