【作者】 章文菁；

【导师】 张朝升；

【作者基本信息】 广州大学 ， 市政工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 水体富营养化问题的日渐突现,水质指标体系的不断严格使废水中氮的去除问题成为水污染控制中广泛关注的热点。传统生物脱氮工艺将硝化和反硝化过程在时间上或空间上分离,因此系统复杂,能耗较大,运行管理不便。同步硝化反硝化是近几年发展起来的新型生物脱氮工艺,该工艺不仅可以减少污泥生产量,缩短生物脱氮工艺流程,而且省去了第二阶段的缺氧反硝化池或减少其体积,减少了工程造价。若把同步硝化反硝化控制在NO₂^--N阶段,则可进一步缩短反应历程,减少更多的需氧量和碳源。本实验采用序批式活性污泥法（SBR）,以模拟城市污水为处理对象,研究短程同步硝化反硝化的培养过程、各影响因素的影响效果,并在此基础上以DO、ORP和pH值为过程控制参数进行在线监测,考察DO、ORP和pH在反应过程中的变化规律、其作为过程控制参数的可行性以及各影响因素对其的影响。实验中,通过控制DO、泥龄以及排水方式,成功实现短程同步硝化反硝化的稳定运行。稳定运行期间,平均NH₄⁺-N、COD和TN的去除率分别为95%、92%和85%。控制进水COD为230～260mg/L,NH₄⁺-N浓度为30mg/L左右,短程同步硝化反硝化各因素最佳控制范围为:温度为15-25℃,DO为0.5～1.0mg/L;进水pH值为7.0～7.5,进水C/N值范围为10.0:1～13.3:1,在这些范围内,TN去除率均达到80%以上。取DO、pH和ORP为SBR短程同步硝化反硝化工艺过程控制参数,对于稳定状态下短程同步硝化反硝化,其反应过程中期DO、pH和ORP曲线突跃点B可以作为COD降解基本结束的控制点,后期的曲线突跃点C可以作为整个反应结束的控制点。而分析各影响因素对其过程控制的影响可知,pH值曲线折点B可作为COD降解基本完成的控制点,ORP曲线折点C可作为整个反应结束的控制点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Eutrophication question of nature water has become more and more obviously. The increased strictly water quality standard systems make people pay more attention to nitrogen removal of wastewater treatment. The traditional biological denitrification processes make nitrification and denitrification occur in different units or in the same unit in sequence, so forming the result of complicated system, high energy consumption and inconvenient operation management.Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification（SND） is a new biological nitrogen removal process which was developed in the last few years. Not only this process may reduce the biomass production, shorten the nitrogen removal pathway, but also omit the second（anoxic） tank, or reduce its size,.and save the construction cost further more. The SND via to nitrite can be achieved by controlling ammonia to be oxidized to nitrite only. Theoretically it can shorten reaction process further, and reduce carbon source and oxygen demand more.The experiment was carried out to research on the synthetic municipal wastewater in Sequence Batch Reactor（SBR）. The research focus on the sludge culture of SND via to nitrite and the affecting factors. At the basis of these studies, the change law of DO, ORP and pH in the reaction process was studied by on-line monitoring. The possibility of DO, ORP and pH as the process control parameters and the impacts of the other factors were investigated also.The stable SND via to nitrite can be achieved by controlling DO, sludge age and drainage method in the research. And the effluent water quality was steady, which the average removal rates of NH₄⁺-N, COD and TN can be up to 95%, 92%,and 85% respectly.When COD is about 230～260mg/L, NH₄⁺-N is about 30mg/L, the best control range of SND via to nitrite is: temperature about 15～25℃, DO about 0.5～1.0mg/L, pH about 7.0～7.5, C/N about 10.0:1～13.3:1. The removal rate of TN can be up to 80% in these range.Taking DO, pH and ORP as the controlling parameters of SND via to nitrite process in SBR, the judgment on the ending of COD degradation can be based on the varied curve B of DO, pH and ORP, and the judgment on the ending of SND via to nitrite can be based on the varied curve C of DO, pH and ORP. Analyzing the impacts of process control for influencing factors, it is know that the judgment on the ending of COD degradation can be based on the varied curve B of pH, and the judgment on the ending of SND via to nitrite can be based on the varied curve C of ORP.更多还原