【作者】 朱涵珍；

【导师】 贺德先； 李锁平；

【作者基本信息】 河南农业大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 为明确河南省部分小麦品种(系)的子粒醇溶蛋白和高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成及遗传多样性,于2006～2008年在河南大学和河南农业职业学院开展了本项研究。研究采用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(A-PAGE)和SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)技术,分别对河南省目前种植的35个小麦品种(系)的醇溶蛋白遗传多样性和高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成进行了分析,主要结果如下:1.河南省部分小麦品种(系)的醇溶蛋白具有遗传多样性对部分小麦品种(系)的子粒进行醇溶蛋白基因位点的特异性检测,分析了不同品种(系)间醇溶蛋白带型的遗传差异。结果从35份材料中共分离出53条带。11份材料具有1BL/1RS易位系标记性带Gli-B11,占供试材料的31.4%。35份材料间的遗传距离在0.0267～0.926之间,平均值为0.5523。基于遗传距离的聚类分析,供试材料在遗传距离0.58水平上聚为3类,表明供试小麦新品种(系)的醇溶蛋白具有遗传多样性。2.5+12,2﹡等位基因在河南省部分小麦品种(系)中比例较低对部分小麦品种(系)的高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成的分析,结果指出Glu-1位点上有15种等位基因变异,变异类型及分布频率是:Glu-A1位点3种,分别为1(75.0%)、2﹡(8.33%)、N(16.67%);Glu-B1位点7种,分别为7(5.6%)、7+8(36.12%)、7+9(33.3%)、13+16(5.6%)、13+19(2.8%)、14+15(13.9%)、17+18(2.8%);Glu-D1位点5种,分别为2+12(36.1%)、2+11(2.78%)、3+12(8.3%)、5+10(50.0%),5+12(2.78%)。共有18种亚基组合,且有携带5+12,5+10,1,2﹡,7+8,14+15,17+18,13+16等对面包品质有正向作用的优质亚基。结果表明,5+12、2﹡等在河南省部分小麦品种(系)中的比例仍偏低,未来在小麦育种中还应加强对具有优质谷蛋白基因的亲本材料的引进和利用。3.高分子量谷蛋白亚基可作为品质分类的重要指标之一将不同类型的高分子量谷蛋白亚基与强筋、中筋、弱筋3个品质类型的品质特性进行对照分析,结果表明与亚基品质效应分析所得的结论相吻合。4.明确了不同品质类型的代表性品种(系)通过对河南省部分小麦品种(系)子粒醇溶蛋白和高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成的研究,郑麦9023、济麦20号、郑麦366为优质强筋品种,偃展4110、许农5号和郑农17号优质中筋品种,郑丰5号和济麦2号为优质弱筋品种。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to clarify content of gliadin、HMW-GS and genetic diversity of some wheat cultivars (lines) in Henan Province, experiments were carried out in Henan University and Henan Vocational College of Agriculture from 2006 to 2008. A-PAGE and SDS-PAGE were used to analyse genetic diversity of gliadin and composition of HMW-GS in 35 wheat cultivars (lines) in Henan Province. The main results were as follows:1. Some wheat cultivars (lines) in Henan Province have genetic diversity of gliadin detected gliadin gene locus specificity of the grain of some wheat cultivars (lines), analyzed the differences of gliadin-based genetic between the different cultivars (lines). The results showed 53 gliadin bands were separated from 35 materials. 11 materials with a marker of 1BL/1RS translocation with allele Gli-Bll, accounted the test materials for 31.4%. The genetic distance (GD) based on gliadin patterns ranged from 0.0267 to 0.926, with a mean value of 0.5523. Cluster analysis based on genetic distance showed that the studied materials can be classified into 3 clusters at the distance of GD 0.58. It was concluded that some wheat cultivar(slines)in Henan province had a rich genetic diversity based on these results.2. 5+12,2﹡allele of some wheat cultivars (lines) in Henan Province were lower Analyzed composition of HMW-GS 15 HMW-GS of some wheat cultivars (lines), allele’s variation were identified on Glu-1 site. Subunits 1,2﹡and Null at Glu-A1 were found with frequencies of 75.0%,8.33% and 16.67%, respectively; subunits 7,7+8,7+9,13+16,13+19,14+15 and 17+18 at Glu-B1 with frequencies of 5.6%, 36.12%, 33.3%, 5.6%, 2.8%, 13.9% and 2.8%, respectively; and subunits 2+12, 2+11, 3+12, 5+10, 5+12 at Glu-D1 with frequencies of 36.1%, 2.78%, 8.3%, 50.0% and 2.78%, respectively. There were 18 types of good subunits among them, which promoted the quality of wheat-breeding, such as 5+12, 5+10, 1, 2﹡, 7+8, 14+15, 17+18, 13+16. These results showed 5+12, 2﹡were low in some wheat cultivars (lines) in Henan Province. Therefore more excellent parents for wheat-breeding should be introduced and exploited in the future.3. HMW-GS can be used as one of important indicators of the quality in classification Comparative Analyzed different types of HMW-GS and strong gluten, Medium Gluten, weak gluten quality 3 types of quality characteristics, and the results are similar to the effects of HMW-GS on quality traits.4. Different types of quality represent of different cultivars (lines) Through the study of the grain gliadin and HMW-GS composition of some wheat cultivars (lines) in Henan Province, Zhengmai 9023, Jimai20, Zhengmai 366 were Strong Gluten Wheat; Yanzhang 4110, Xunong 5, Zhengnong17 were Medium Gluten Wheat; Zhengfeng 5, Jimai 2 were Weak Gluten Wheat.更多还原