【作者】 谢震；

【导师】 吴国良； 孙共明；

【作者基本信息】 河南农业大学 ， 果树学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以种植在商丘农业科学研究所实验基地的美人酥、满天红、红酥脆为试材,以酥梨、金花梨、水晶梨对照品种,通过田间试验观察和科学试验测定相结合的方法,就其物候期、生长结果习性、果实经济性状、产量和效益以及主要病害防治情况进行研究,其目的是为制定优质标准化栽培技术提供依据。主要研究结果如下:1、三个红梨品种(美人酥、满天红、红酥脆)在商丘市生长结果正常,除成熟期差异较大外,其它主要物候期都很接近。2月下旬萌动,3月下旬进入花期,11月下旬落叶,正常年份不会受晚霜危害。2、三个红梨品种萌芽力强,坐果率高,明显高于对照品种3、与对照品种(酥梨、金花梨、水晶梨)相比,三个红梨品种石细胞极少,色泽鲜艳,品质极上。4、三个红梨品种的3年累计亩产量较酥梨高15～40%,满天红的3年累计亩产量较金花梨、水晶梨分别高10%、19%。5、三个红梨上主要发生的病害有梨黑星病、轮纹病、干腐病。且以前两种为主。7、8月份的降雨量影响梨黑星病果实病害的发生量;4至6月份的降雨量影响梨轮纹病果实病害的发生量。雨量越大病害发生越严重。6、果实套袋可明显的减轻红梨黑星病、轮纹病的发生。果实套袋,梨黑星病的发病率为2.56﹪,梨轮纹病发病率为1.54﹪;果实不套袋,梨黑星病发病率为24.2﹪,梨轮纹病发病率为20.8﹪。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this experiment, the main phonological periods,growing and bearing habits, the economic traits of fruits,the output and efficiency and control of main disease were studied on Meirensu pear ,Mantianhong pear and hongsucui pear.the main results were as follows:1 . The varieties could grow and bear normally in the Shangqiu city .The main phonological periods were identical except the maturation, and the first swelling of them appeared on later february, then bloomed on later March.2. The three red pears variety were much better than control variety in the bud force and setting rate.3. Compared with the control vaieties, the three varieties of red pears have few sclerotic cells and brighter color.4. The per mu yield of total output of the three red pear varieties three yeas exceeded that Suli pear by 15 to 40 percent,The Mantianhong pear exceeded the Jinhua pear by 10 percent and Shuijing pear by 19 percent.5 The relativity between severity of two diseasea and rainfall was high.pearscab was severer when the rainfall was heavier in July and august.Pear ring spot was severer on fruit when the rainfall was heavier in April May and June.6 Fruit bagging could significantly allerivate the occerrence of the two diseases. The incidences of pear scab disease and pear ring spot disease were 2.56% and 1.54% respectively by fruit bagging. And the incidences were high to 24.2% and 20.8% respectively with not using fruit bag.更多还原