【作者】 薛现伟；

【导师】 卢新明；

【作者基本信息】 山东科技大学 ， 计算机软件与理论， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 三维火焰和水动画等的仿真,是当前计算机图形学领域中最具有挑战性的研究方向之一。在矿产开采中实现三维火灾场景和水灾场景的模拟对于矿场的建造、工作人员的培训、灾情预测和施救等都具有十分重大的现实意义。本文在认真分析和总结前人相关工作的基础上,通过对真实场景的观察,以真实感和实时性为目标,实现了在三维巷道中的火灾和水害的仿真。本文主要对采矿业所面临的灾害情况进行了研究,并且实现了对火灾和水害的模拟,提出了独特的三维火焰粒子模型—三棱锥模型,采用这种模型表现的火焰,减少了计算量,消灭了视觉盲点,提高了系统的实时性。考虑火焰受风力影响而产生紊乱的运动,建立了风场模型,从而使火焰粒子的运动更加灵活,增加了火焰效果的真实感。为了更真实的模拟火焰,采用纹理映射和混合技术相结合的方法来绘制粒子。纹理映射表现了粒子的不规则形状,混合技术表现了火焰的色彩变化特征。碰撞检测是火灾仿真中不可缺少的重要组成部分,本文考虑到火焰的非实体特性,根据空气动力学的原理,解决了火焰与巷道壁碰撞的问题。本文为了便于管理和提高系统的绘制效率,根据巷道的实际情况,提出了三系统方法:水源系统、流水系统和积水系统。水源系统解决了水灾的发生和水的来源问题,主要采用粒子系统理论技术实现;流水系统采用系统管理的方法,统一管理水流,优化了水流流动算法;积水系统根据流体动力学理论,采用切片增量的方法计算巷道体积,生动真实的再现了积水域的蔓延和上涨。实验证明,本文所实现的火灾和水害的仿真效果形象逼真,并且在普通PC机上能很好地满足实时性的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Simulation of Three-dimensional animation of flame and water, is one of the most challenging study in the field of computer graphics. The simulation of three-dimensional fire scene and flood scenes has great practical significance for mine construction、staff training、disaster forecasting and rescue. In this paper, on the basis of careful analysis and summary of previous work, through the observation of real scenes, to realistic and real-time as the goal, got the achievement of fires and floods simulation in three-dimensional roadway.In this paper, mainly studied on the mining industry faced disaster situations, and realized the fires and floods simulation, made a unique three-dimensional model of flame particles-three pyramid model. The flame used this model, reduced the computations, eliminate the visual blind spots and improve the system’s real-time. Flame will move disorder by the effects created by wind, so we created wind field models, so that the flame more flexible movement of particles, and increased the realistic effect. In order to simulate more realistic flames, use of texture mapping and mixed-technology approach to rendering particles. Texture mapping used to perforce the irregular shape of particles, mixing used to perforce the flame characteristics of the color changes. Collision detection is an important and indispensable component of the flame simulation, taking into account non-physical characteristics of the flames, according to the principles of aerodynamics, to resolve the collisions detect problems between the flame particles and tunnel-wall. In this paper, based on the actual situation of roadway, in order to manage and improve the draw efficiency of the system, proposed a three-systems approach: water system, flowing-water system and gathered-water system. Water system solves the occurrence of floods and water sources, mainly uses particle system theory and technology. Flowing-water system uses management approach, unified management of water flow, optimize the flow algorithm of water. In accordance with fluid dynamics theory, gathered-water system use the incremental section method to calculate roadway volume, lively plot represents the true spread and rising waters. The experiments show that, Fires and floods realistic simulation of the effect of the real, and in general PC, can be well positioned to meet the requirements of real-time.更多还原