【作者】 杨石峰；

【导师】 彭在钦；

【作者基本信息】 湖南科技大学 ， 文艺学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 从20世纪80年代末、90年代初以来,用“现代性”理论来重新审视20世纪中国文学成为了学界的一个热点课题,研究牵涉广泛、论著浩如烟海。20世纪中国文学现代性的起源与完成问题是研究的焦点之一,对于20世纪中国文学的现代性起源时间,晚清起源论注重现代性转变的萌芽因素,五四起源论注重其实质突破,而晚清至五四渐进论则注重其从萌芽到全面爆发的过程,比较全面地考察了后发外生型现代性国家在接受现代性过程中由浅到深、由个别到普遍的递进过程。在20世纪中国文学现代性的完成研究上,终结论者认为20世纪晚期,现代性的宏大叙事已让位于后现代叙述;而持相反观点的论者则认为中国文学的后现代性是对西方后现代主义的错误模仿。双方几乎用同样的后现代理论以及文学创作实际来论证自己的观点,体现出中国学界对于现代性与后现代性认识的不确定性。20世纪中国文学现代性的性质、特征是研究的另一个焦点,杨春时、宋剑华用西方文学的判断标准来审视20世纪中国文学的性质,指出其“近代性”,而很多学者就杨、宋文章的判断标准、概念运用进行了辨析。另外,学界还从横向层面探讨了20世纪中国文学现代性的不同种类、从纵向层面研究了20世纪中国文学现代性的发展历程,体现出研究的丰富性。民族性与现代性的关系也是研究的热点,在这类研究中,学界充分探讨了民族性与现代性此消彼长的一面,但对20世纪中国文学中形成的新的民族传统关注不够。用现代性理论来重新审视20世纪中国文学现象也是研究的一个重镇,在现代性理论的引入之下,学界对现实主义、浪漫主义有了全新的认识,并提出了启蒙主义、新古典主义的思潮类别,突破了传统的创作方法论;另外,现代性理论的引入也带来了学界对海派、京派以及女性文学创作的全新认识,摆脱了以往主流文学史对它们的遮蔽。回望研究历史,20世纪中国文学的现代性研究也存在许多不足之处,如现代性概念的极度泛化、理论套用趋势明显、观点雷同、创新较少等等。这需要研究者将这一批评理论与我们实际面对的文学生存环境紧密联系,将文学发展的历史与现实、文学创作的理论与文学的生存实践结合起来对待,做到理论与创作实践的互相观照。更多还原

【Abstract】 From the late 1980s and the early 1990s , reexaminating the Chinese literature in the 20th century with the modernity theory had become a focus of the academe . These researches involve plenty of contents and achieve lots of results.A focus of researches is the origin and accomplishment of Chinese literary modernity in the 20^th century . About the time of origin , the view on "Late Qing Dynasty Origin" attached great importance on the bud of modern transformation , the view on "the May 4^th origin" attached great importance on the material breakthrough of it, but the view on "Late Qing Dynasty to May 4^th " put the accent on the process in which the modernity sprouted and then all flare up , this kind of view take into account the fact : as a be-modernized country , there is a process in which the modernity varied from superficial to deep and from individual to general exists . About the accomplishment of Chinese literary modernity in the 20^th century , some people argue that in the late 20^th century , the fragmentary narration of Post Modernism had taken the place of the narration of modernity . The others believe that the narration of Post Modernism in Chinese literature is a wrong imitation to the West . Both of them used the same theory of Post Modernism and literary pieces , this phenomenon shows that the Chinese scholars have an uncertain definition on modernity and Post-modernism .The character and feature of Chinese literary modernity in the 20^th century is another focus of researches . Yang Chun-shi and Song Jian-hua judged the character of the Chinese literature in the 20^th century by western standards , and pointed its "modernity" , but many scholars raised doubts about the standards and concepts . In addition , some people studied the sort of Chinese literary modernity in the 20^th century ; the others studied the developing process of it. The relation of modernity and nationality is the other hot topic in these researches , this kind of research paid attention to the collision of them , but it paid little attention to the new national tradition which had formed in the 20^th century .Reexamination of the Chinese literature phenomenon with the modernity theory is the other focus . with the theory , scholars have new concepts on realism and romanticism , and raised the didacticism and neoclassicism. These actions have breaken through the view on the creative method . In addition , with the theory of modernity , the scholars paid more attention to the Beijing School , Shanghai School and Female Literature , which have been neglected by the past literary history . Looking back the history of researches . there are many things to be desired . the generalization of concept , the trend of using theory mechanically and similar view-point. In order to solve the problem , we should connect the theory and the living environment of literature closely , take into account the literature’s history and reality , the theory of literary creation and the literary living practice . Seek the interillustration of theory and practice .更多还原