【作者】 张云芳；

【导师】 陈桂香；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 本文研究的是马克思主义整体性。马克思主义有广义和狭义之分,本文研究的是狭义马克思主义的整体性问题。马克思主义整体性问题的实质是关于“什么是马克思主义,怎样认识马克思主义”的问题。在苏联东欧发生“天鹅绒革命”,21世纪的“颜色革命”正在进行的严峻形势下,认真研究马克思主义理论的整体性,从而深刻揭示其科学性和伟大之处,不仅具有深远的历史意义,而且具有重大的现实意义。研究马克思主义整体性的理论意义在于:明晰马克思主义整体性的内涵;深化对马克思主义本质和精神实质的把握,在分析马克思主义整体性地过程中显现理论的伟大和科学性;促进马克思主义的发展,为实现马克思主义中国化,形成中国化的马克思主义理论新成果提供启发。实践意义在于:有助于青年学生树立马克思主义的坚定信仰;有助于马克思主义的学习,宣传和学科的建设;有利于更好地指导中国特色社会主义建设。经典作家马克思、恩格斯对自己所创立的理论的整体性问题有些精彩的论述,之后列宁及其他的马克思主义者对此也作了不同程度的阐述。当前马克思主义整体性问题成为国内外学者备受关注的问题,围绕这一问题,学者们卓有成效地开展了研究和探讨工作,提出许多有价值的思想。本文试图在经典作家和学界有关理论及观点的基础上,运用原著解读法、比较的方法等从马克思主义整体性的内涵、表现、成因及其坚持马克思主义整体性的途径方面提出自己的见解。理解把握马克思主义整体性离不开对什么是马克思主义整体性的追问和反思。马克思主义的整体性可从静态和动态两个角度来理解。马克思主义的整体性表现在许多方面,突出的表现在两大方面,从纵向看体现在逻辑上的一致性;形成上的阶段性和连续性的统一和时间上的跨越性等。从横向角度看,主要表现在结构上的整体性、服务对象上的群众性、特征间的关联性等。马克思主义之所以具有整体性特征,有诸多方面的原因。概括起来说,可以从客观和主观两大层面来把握:客观方面的原因主要是时代条件的具备;人类实践的整体性决定的。主观方面的原因主要在于理论家的社会理想和立场;理论家的叛逆、同情、勇敢、求真、个性特点;理论家的世界观方法论和渊博的知识背景等因素。研究马克思主义整体性的目的是为了坚持马克思主义整体性,从而更好的应用和发展马克思主义理论,具有重要的理论和现实意义。坚持马克思主义整体性要从以下几个方面努力:第一,研读原著,同时注意广泛涉猎马克思前后还有同时期的著作,加强理论的比较;第二,坚持马克思主义的立场观点和认识方法;第三,加深马克思主义发展史的研究,以动态和系统论思维方式理解马克思主义理论;第四,加强国内外学者的合作和交流;第五,加强马克思主义理论研究软件和硬件建设;第六,加大同各种肢解马克思主义行为作斗争的力度。研究马克思主义整体性不仅深化对马克思主义理论的认识,同时对于当前我们进一步发展马克思主义理论,解决新问题,形成中国化马克思主义理论新成果具有重要的启迪。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article is study of the Marxism integrity. Marxism has broad and narrow meanings. This article belongs to the narrow Marxism one. The Marxism integrity question’s essence is about the question of "what is the Marxism and how to know the Marxism". In the austere situation of "the velvet revolution" in the Soviet Eastern Europe and the 21st century "the color revolution", we must research the integrity of Marxism theory earnestly, thus promulgate its scientific nature and the greatness profoundly, strengthen the Marxism the guiding position and make the ideology the work. It not only has the profound historic importance, but also has the significant practical significance. The theory significance of Study the Marxism integrity lies as follow: Defined Marxism integrity connotation; The deepening to Marxism’s essence and spiritual essence’s assurance, in analyzes in the Marxism integrity process to appear the theory great and the scientific nature; Promotes the Marxism development, to realize the Marxism Chinese, forms the Chinese the Marxism theory achievement to provide the beneficial inspiration. While the practice significance lies in: It is helpful to set up the Marxism in the firm belief, in the Marxism study, the propaganda and the discipline construction among the young student; it is also advantageous in instructs to have the Chinese characteristic socialist construction well.Marx and Engels themselves have some splendid elaboration about the theory integrity question which establishes to oneself, afterward Lenin and other Marxist has made regarding it also. The current Marxism integrity question becomes the domestic one which is concerned to foreign scholars. Regarding this question, the scholars have carried out the research fruitfully and propose many valuable thoughts. This paper attempts put forward their own views from the Marxism integrity connotation, the performance, the origin and insisted that Marxism integrity way aspect proposes his opinion. Understanding the integrity of Marxism is linked with the question of "what is the integrity of Marxism". Marxism’s integrity may understand from two angles of the static state and the dynamic. Marxism’s integrity displays in many aspects, the prominent performance in two big aspects, from longitudinal looked that manifests in logic the uniformity; Forms in gradual continuity and time spanning. Looking from the crosswise angle, mainly displays in the structure on the integrity, the target client mass character, the characteristic relatedness and so on.It has many aspect reasons on Marxism the integrity characteristic, Summarized said that might grasp from two big stratification planes: The objective aspect’s reason is mainly having the time condition; The humanity practices integrity decision; The subjective aspect’s reason mainly lies in theoretician’s social ideal and the standpoint; Theoretician’s rebel sympathizes, bravely, asks really, the individuality characteristic; theoretician’s world outlook methodology and profound knowledge background factors and so onThe goal of study Marxism integrity is to insist the Marxism integrity, thus a better application and develops Marxism theory. Insisting the integrity of Marxism has the important theory and the practical significance. Therefore We must insist the Marxism integrity from the following several aspects diligently: First, reads the original works, simultaneously pays attention widely browses around Marx also to have the same time work, strengthens the theory the comparison; Second, insists the Marxism the standpoint viewpoint and the understanding method; Third, deepens the Marxism history the research, understands the Marxism theory by the tendency and the system theory thinking mode; Fourth, strengthens the domestic and foreign scholar’s cooperation and the exchange; Fifth, strengthens the Marxism fundamental research software and the hardware construction; Sixth, wages the struggle positively with each kind of dismemberment’s behavior. Research the Marxism integrity not only to deepen to the Marxism theory understanding, simultaneously further developed the Marxism theory regarding current us, solved the new problem, formed the Chinese Marxism theory new achievement to have the important inspiration.更多还原