炭素沥青糊料螺旋输送机设计理论研究与应用

【作者】 龚玉友；

【导师】 刘义伦；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 阴极碳块是铝电解槽的主要组成部分,其质量的好坏是决定铝电解槽使用寿命长短的关键因素。碳块与钢棒之间以炭素沥青糊料为介质,糊料分布不均将导致碳块与钢棒间产生局部接触不良,那么阴极碳块在接电工作时就会产生局部高温,从而损坏碳块。因此碳块与钢棒之间糊料的铺布质量就决定了阴极碳块的质量,而糊料的铺布质量取决于执行糊料铺布与计量工作的螺旋输送机的工作性能和糊料的物理特性。因此,对炭素沥青糊料物理特性的研究以及糊料在螺旋输送机内输送问题的研究具有重要意义。对于螺旋输送机的研究,当前一般是以研究其对干颗粒物料的输送效果为主,而对于炭素沥青糊料等粘性颗粒在螺旋输送机中的输送效果的相关研究与应用比较少见,因而制约了螺旋输送机在这方面的发展。本文的研究主要是为阴极碳块自动组装生产线中的糊料计量输送工作提供理论依据。通过对螺旋输送机各结构与工作参数的分析,提出了用于分析螺旋输送机螺旋轴形变与物料充填率关系的“动态双重心法”,改进了螺旋输送机的某些结构参数。文中对于螺旋输送机与炭素沥青糊料的分析方法同样适用于相似类型的机械和粘性颗粒的研究。本文的主要研究工作如下:(1)炭素沥青糊料本身的物理特性是糊料输送的前提和基础,而糊料的物理特性与糊料粘结剂的特性有直接的关系。通过糊料的温降实验,确定糊料合适的输送温度,进而确定糊料的物理特性;(2)从细观的角度出发,对炭素沥青糊料颗粒间的作用力进行分析,研究粘性颗粒间的主要作用力及其对糊料颗粒宏观状态的影响;(3)采用新的方法,通过分析颗粒糊料在螺旋输送机内的堆积状态变化,研究糊料在螺旋输送机内的运动状态与螺旋输送机结构的关系;(4)建立悬臂螺旋输送机螺旋体的有限元模型,运用有限元分析软件分析螺旋输送机关键设计参数对螺旋输送机工作性能的影响,依据分析数据对螺旋输送机的设计参数进行改进;结合糊料摩擦力实验与现场实测数据,对螺旋输送机的轴功率计算方法进行修正。更多还原

【Abstract】 The carbon cathode block is one of main component of the aluminum reduction cell. It is the bottom and the cathode of the cell. The quality of carbon cathode block is one of decisive factors of the life of aluminum reduction cell.Carbon asphalt paste is the medium between carbon block and steel bars. If the paste was uneven, a local high-temperature would arise from bad contacts between the carbon block and steel bars. This kind of local high-temperature will make the catholde carbon block to be destroied at work. The quality of cathode carbon block lies on the spreading quality of paste between carbon block and steel bars. The spreading quality of paste depends on the performance of screw conveyor and the physical properties of paste. Therefore, it is very important that the study to the physical properties of cathode asphalt paste and the transportation issues of paste in the screw conveyor.At present, the research and development for the transportation of screw conveyors generally base on the dry powder or granular material. The few studies for the spiral transportation of cathode asphalt viscous particles restricted the development and application of screw conveyor in this field. The study objective in this article is to provide a theoretical basis for the transportation of screw conveyor of paste in the Production Line for Cathode Block Assembled Automatically. By analyzing the parameters of structure and work of screw conveyor, established Dynamic Double Barycenter Method which for the analysis of relation between the deformation of spiral axis and filling rate of screw conveyor, optimized some structures of screw conveyor so that it can carry and measure paste better. The research methods for the screw conveyer and carbon asphalt paste in this article also are fit for the research to the similar machines and viscous particles. The main work of this paper as follow:(1) The physical and mechanical properties of carbon asphalt paste are premise base of the transportation of viscous paste. And the physical and mechanical characteristic of carbon paste is relevant to the characteristic of binder directly. The appropriate transportation temperature can be confirmed by the temperature-dropping experimentation, and then the characteristic of binder can be confirmed.(2) Researched the forces between the paste particles, analyzed the main forces and their influence to the macroscopic form of paste particles from the view of microcosmic.(3) Studied the accumulation of paste particles in the screw conveyor and the mutual influence with the structure of the conveyor by new analysis method.(4) The paper established the finite element model of cantilever screw conveyor, analyzed the influence of structure and operation parameters of spiral object on the job performance of screw conveyor by Finite Element Analysis (FEA), optimized the design of the screw according to these analytical data, amended the power calculating formula by the friction experimentation of cathode asphalt paste and real power data of screw conveyor.更多还原