“四位一体”食品安全监管体系研究

【作者】 何玮；

【导师】 刘丽杭；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 行政管理， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 当前食品安全问题已成为人们关注的焦点,食品质量和食品安全逐步被国际社会加以关注,同时食品安全已经成为衡量人们生活质量、社会管理水平和国家法制建设的一个重要方面。但是,我国食品安全现状却不容乐观,食品安全事故频频发生。因此当前迫切需要完善食品安全监管体系。本文从市场失灵、政府失灵和志愿失灵角度分析食品安全为什么需要多方面监管,从应然层面分析应该如何对食品安全问题进行监管。分析得出食品安全监管体系的最优选择,不是只靠完善的市场机制,只靠完善的政府管制,也不是只靠完善的第三部门,而是在三者结合的基础上加强社会监管,建立一种“四位一体”食品安全监管体系,以期完善对食品安全问题的监管。“四位一体”食品安全监管体系是一种整合政府资源、社会资源、个人资源的综合性监管体系,它是以政府监管为主导,以市场监管为基础,以第三部门监管为主体,以社会监管为支撑,合理配置食品安全监管的权力,实现监管效用优势的互补,以降低社会监管成本,实现社会福利最大化、可持续性化的一种监管体系。首先,政府通过法律、制度和政策手段发挥主导作用,引导食品安全监管的正确方向;其次,市场的主体企业应该完善诚信体系和完善自律机制;再次,第三部门要加强法律地位、监督机制和体系方面的建设;最后,社会主要从消费者和媒体舆论方面去努力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The current issue of food safety has become a focus of people’s attention, food quality and food safety to be step by step by the international community concerned about. At the same time food safety has become an important aspect of the quality of people’s lives, social management and the national legal system,. However, the status of China’s food safety should not be optimistic about the frequent occurrence of food safety incidents. Therefore an urgent need to increase the current issue of food safety supervision. This article from the market failure, government failure and voluntary failure analysis of various aspects of food safety regulation and why did it take, from the level it ought to be analysis of how issues of food safety regulation. The best choice of food safety regulation mode, rather than rely on a sound market mechanism and rely on comprehensive government control, nor is it only the third sector to improve, but based on the combination of the enhancement of social regulation, the establishment of "Four-in-one" food safety regulatory system, with a view to improve the supervision of food safety issues."Four-in-one" food safety regulatory system is an integration of government resources, social resources, personal resources, a comprehensive monitoring system, which is dominated by government regulation, market-based regulation to supervision for the third sector, social supervision as the support, a reasonable allocation of the power of food safety supervision, monitoring the effectiveness of the realization of the complementary strengths in order to reduce regulatory costs on society, to maximize social welfare, sustainability of a monitoring system. First of all, the Government, through the legal, institutional and policy instruments to play a leading role in food safety regulation to guide the right direction; Secondly, the main market, enterprises should improve the credit system and improve the self-regulatory mechanism; again, the third sector to strengthen the legal status of the monitoring mechanism and system of the building; Finally, the community, mainly from consumers and media to work on public opinion.更多还原