【作者】 肖鹏；

【导师】 刘永杰；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 农业昆虫与害虫防治， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura（Fabricius）是一种世界性分布的重要农业害虫,大量农药的频繁使用,使得斜纹夜蛾抗药性问题日益突出。新型杀虫剂茚虫威具有作用机制独特、杀虫活性突出和对非靶标生物安全等特点,是目前替代有机磷和拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的理想品种。本文以斜纹夜蛾为材料,测定了茚虫威对斜纹夜蛾毒力,评估了斜纹夜蛾对茚虫威的抗性风险,并研究了其抗性生化机理。（1）用饲料浸毒法测定了茚虫威对斜纹夜蛾敏感种群和泰安田间种群3龄幼虫的毒力,其LC50值分别为0.5816mg·L^-1和3.3189mg·L^-1,茚虫威对泰安种群的毒力比敏感种群低5.71倍,泰安种群对茚虫威已经具有低水平抗药性。（2）用0.3mg·L^-1浓度的茚虫威作初始浓度,采用饲料浸毒法对斜纹夜蛾敏感种群3龄幼虫进行抗性选育。在30～70%死亡率选择压力下,经过饲养13代筛选11次后,斜纹夜蛾对茚虫威的抗性达到69.58倍,抗性增长较快。通过计算求得现实遗传力（h²）为0.697。如果杀死率为80%～90%时,斜纹夜蛾对茚虫威抗性增长l00倍,仅需要8～10代。斜纹夜蛾对茚虫威存在抗性发展快,容易产生高水平抗性的风险。（3）通过测定用茚虫威选育的斜纹夜蛾抗性种群(F₁₂)羧酸酯酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和多功能氧化酶活性结果表明,选育种群F₁₂代羧酸酯酶活性是选育前的3.70倍,多功能氧化酶O-脱甲基活性是选育前的2.53倍,均显著升高。而谷胱甘肽S-转移酶仅为选育前的1.05倍,差异不显著。斜纹夜蛾对茚虫威的抗性产生与羧酸酯酶和多功能氧化酶活性有关,与谷胱甘肽S-转移酶无关。更多还原

【Abstract】 The common cutworm, Spodoptera litura （Fabricius）, was a worl- dwide distributed agricultural pest. Frequent application of chemical insecticides against S.litura had led to the development of insecticide resistance. Indoxacarb was a novel insecticide belonging to the oxadiazine class with unique action mechanism, excellent insecti- cidal activity and low toxicity to no target organisms; it was therefore an ideal candidate to substitute organophosphate and pyrethroid insect- icides. In this paper, the toxicological characteristics of indoxacarb against S.litura had been studied, which including toxicity, resistance risk and biochemical mechanism of resistance.（1） Toxicity of indoxacarb to 3rd instars larvae of a susceptible and a Tai’an field population of S. litura was determined by artificial diet dipping method. The results showed that the LC50 values of the susceptible and field populations were 0.5816 and 3.3189 mg·L^-1, respectively. The toxicity of Tai’an field population was lower 5.71 times than that of the susceptible population, which demonstrated that Tai’an field population had low resistance to indoxacarb.（2） Based on the bioassay results, 0.3 mg·L^-1 of indoxacarb as initial concentration was used to select 3rd instars larvae of the susceptible population of S. litura by artificial diet dipping method. After 11 times of selection with indoxacarb during 13continuous generations, the selection population obtained 69.58 folds of resistance compared with its unselected parents. So we can infer from above results that S.litura have high capability to develop resistance to indoxacarb in relative short time. When realized heritability was 0.697 and killing rate was 80% 90%, resistance of S.litura reached l00 folds in just 8 to 10 generations.（3） Activity of carboxy lesterase, glutathioneS-transferase and multi- function oxidase of selected F₁₂ generation was determined. The results showed that the activity of carboxy lesterase and multi-function oxidase in selected F₁₂ generation were 3.70 and 2.53 times high than that of unselected parents.But the activity of glutathione S-transferase in the same selection genenration was really close to the unselected parents with no significant difference. Above results demonstrated that resistance of S.litura to indoxacarb had close relation with carboxy lesterase and multi-function oxidase.更多还原