【作者】 荆建湘；

【导师】 杨建平；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 农业推广， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究以山东农业大学园艺学院韭菜课题组提供的20个韭菜栽培品种为试验材料,首先对不同韭菜品种抗虫性进行聚类分析,在此基础上对与抗韭蛆性有关的性状进行聚类分析及相关性分析,以期为选育抗韭蛆性品种提供理论依据。主要研究结果如下:1.20个韭菜品种对韭蛆抗性的聚类分析表明,不同韭菜栽培品种对韭蛆抗性存在一定的差异。以田间种群密度、受害植株/总株及叶片为害指数等3个抗性指标为评定标准,利用SAS软件对韭菜品种抗韭蛆性进行系统聚类分析,在阈值T为0.7时可把所选韭菜品种分为3大类,结合抗性指标得出,农大棚韭一号和豫韭1号为抗性品种,雪韭王、竹竿青韭菜、91-2和宽韭王为易感品种,其余品种介于两者之间。同时表明这3个抗性指标间的相关性达极显著水平,因而在选育抗韭蛆品种时使用其中一个指标即可,既简便又合理。2.不同韭菜品种受韭蛆危害后酶活性表现出不同程度的变化,其中全部韭菜品种受害后PAL和POD酶活性都有不同程度的上升,而CAT酶活性在韭菜为害后不同的品种有不同的变化。抗虫性较强的品种为害后其PAL和POD酶活性上升的程度大于感虫性品种,抗虫性品种为害后CAT酶活性上升,而感虫性品种酶活性下降。3.在韭蛆发生高峰期对韭菜叶组织中的粗纤维、芳香油、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、色素、叶绿素a及游离氨基酸等含量进行了测定。结果表明,抗虫品种较感虫品种中均含有较低的芳香油、可溶性糖和游离氨基酸,抗虫品种较感虫品种含有较高可溶性蛋白,粗纤维、色素和叶绿素a含量在不同抗性品种中没有规律性。用SAS软件对以上生化物质与抗虫性关系进行相应分析,相关性分析与逐步回归分析结果共同支持以下观点:芳香油、可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸等3个指标可作为衡量韭菜品种抗韭蛆程度的生化指标,其中以芳香油为最佳指标;芳香油和游离氨基酸与品种抗性呈显著负相关,可溶性蛋白与品种抗性呈显著正相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 The clustering analysis of Insect resistance of 20 Chinese chives cutivar were studied. On this basis that we analyzed the cluster and correlation analysis of allium maggot resistance .The results are as following:Firstly,The results showed that the resistance of 20 Chinese chive varieties were significantly different. Using three resistant indexs, field population density,number of injured /all and index of leaf injury as resistant appraisal standards. The clustering analysis of allium maggot resistance of were studied by the SAS. There had three Chinese chive varieties when the threshold T 0.7.Yu-Jiu 1 and nongdapengjiuNO.1 had the strong resistance; the varieties of Xue-Jiuwang, Zhu-Ganqing and 91-2 and Kuan -Jiuwang were the most susceptible, and the others were in between. In addition, the results indicated that there were most significant correlation among three resistant indexs, so it’s not only simple and convenient but accurate to take one resistant index of three resistant indexs in investigating the varieties of allium maggot resistance.Secondly,The enzymes activity of POD、CAT and PAL were rising in different Chinese chives damaged by allium maggots. But the enzymes activity of CAT had different changes with different Chinese chives which damaged by allium maggots. The enzymes activity of POD and PAL of insect resistance varieties were increaser remarkably than the insect infection varieties, but the varying degree of cultivars were different. The activity of CAT had different changes . The enzymes activity of CAT of insect resistance varieties increased, but the enzymes activity of CAT of the insect infection varieties decreased .Thirdly, The contents of coarse-fibre,naphtha,soluble sugar,soluble protein, pigment, chlorophl-a and dissociative amino acids were studied at the peak of allium maggots occurred. The results showed that the contents of naphths, soluble sugar and dissociative amino acids of the insect resistance varieties are less than the insect infection varieties. The insect resistance varieties contained more soluble protein than the insect infection varieties. The contents of coarse-fibre, soluble protein, pigment and chlorophl-a had no law in the different resistant cultivars. The correlation analysis showed that the contents of naphtha、soluble protein and dissociative amino acids had distinct correlation with the resistance degree. The content of naphtha was the most important factor. And the negative correlation between the content of naphtha and dissociative amino acides and positive correlated. The positive correlated between the content of soluble protein and positive correlated.更多还原