【作者】 陈锋；

【导师】 刘占生；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 动力机械及工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 舰船对安静性要求严格,主动力机械引起的振动是舰船噪声的主要来源。因此降低或者消除主动力机械的振动噪声对舰船的隐蔽性和安全性等均具有极其重要的意义。目前控制舰船主动力机械产生的结构噪声的有效手段是对主动力机械采用减振隔振措施。随着对舰船主动力机械功率的和对舰船隐蔽性要求的提高,对主动力机械的减振隔振性能也提出了更严格的要求。本文系统推导了橡胶和干摩擦隔振器的力学模型,从理论和实验两方面验证了隔振器对转子和浮筏之间的隔振效果,为实际舰船主动力机械的减振隔振提供了理论和实验基础。本文主要研究内容和结论如下:1.基于实验、广义胡克定律和应变能密度函数对橡胶隔振器进行了模型推导,对干摩擦隔振器进行了原理分析及模型建立,并对以上两类隔振器的模型进行仿真,获得了其隔振特性。2.通过有限元法建立了包含以上两种隔振器的舰船转子-支承-隔振器-浮筏系统动力学模型,为获得系统的动力学特性提供了理论基础。3.通过对Newmark法、Runge-kutta法、精细时程积分方法进行比较,确立了Newmark逐步积分方法在转子-支承-隔振器-浮筏系统动态响应分析中的优越性。并进行了系统不平衡响应数值模拟,证明了隔振器对浮筏的隔振效果,通过对比分析获得了两种隔振器不同的隔振特点。4.进行了橡胶隔振器静态压缩和动态激振实验,转子-支承-浮筏系统动力学响应实验和转子-支承-橡胶隔振器-浮筏系统动力学特性实验,实验结果很好的验证了理论计算和结果的正确性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Vibration arose from dynamical mechanics is the main source of ship noise. Recently the effective way to control this kind of vibration is adopting isolation methods. With the development of power rise of dynamical mechanics and the demand of ship performance, the higher and stricter requests on the capability of the vibration isolation system are brought forward. So it makes us cry for more research on isolation theory. This dissertation research systematically on the model of rubber and dry friction isolator and verifies the activity of isolator through measurement and numerical calculations, it offers reference for further research. The main contents and conclusions are as follows:1. The model of single freedom vibration isolation system is founded. By the dynamics emulating and theoretic analysis some important results are got. Based on measurement, generalized Hooke law and strain energy density function, the model of rubber isolator and dry friction isolator are founded and applied to do simulations and analysis the dynamical characteristics.2. The two models are applied in practical rotor-bearing-isolator-raft system utilizing the finite element method and that give the model basis of numerical simulations and experiments.3. Comparing with Newmark method, Runge-kutta method and precise time-integration method, the superiority and advantage of Newmark step integration method was proved when it’s used in analyzing the rotor-bearing-isolator-raft system. And this method is used to evaluate the influence of isolators to rotor systems and the differences between the two kinds of isolators.4. Experiments of static compression and dynamic excitation of rubber isolator and experiments of rotor-bearing-isolator-raft system are made to get the dynamical characteristics of isolator. Compare with the theoretical calculation, the numerical simulations are proved.更多还原