【作者】 赵立志；

【导师】 朱春波；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 仪器科学与技术， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 泥浆的参数在石油的勘探开发中占有极其重要的地位,半个世纪以来,石油的勘探技术一直在飞速的发展,但是对于泥浆参数的检测技术却一直发展很慢。密度和电导率是泥浆的重要参数,可是目前检测泥浆密度和电导率的仪器或者设备笨重、或者操作繁琐,这些都给现场测量带来了不便。针对泥浆密度测试,本课题对超声衰减法进行了比较全面的研究,并详细地探讨了超声波信号在泥浆中传播的衰减情况,建立了泥浆密度与超声回波信号的关系,对于泥浆电导率测试,本课题针对测量中的极化现象采用了交流电源,利用检波法进行测量,并改变了传统的试管式测量方式,用电极插入式方法进行测量,给测量带来了方便。本课题在深入掌握相关原理基础上,进行了以单片机Atmega16L为主控芯片的相应的硬件设计。在泥浆密度测试系统中,按照信号流程设计了超声波激发电路、接收电路以及对回波信号的处理电路;在泥浆电导率测量系统中,设计了正弦发生电路、测量电路以及峰值提取电路。在软件方面,本课题设计了A/D转化程序、中断服务程序以及显示程序。通过大量实验,本课题拟合出泥浆密度与回波电压幅值的关系曲线,并给出了相应的精度估计。更多还原

【Abstract】 The parameters of the mud have an extremely important status in the petroleum exploration. In these 50 years, the development of petroleum exploration technology is continuously rapid, but the development of the mud density detection technology is very slow. Density and electrical conductivity are the important parameters of mud, however, the existing equipments for detecting mud density and electrical conductivity are either ponderous or troublesome, and all of these bring the inconvenience to the detection scene.Against mud density testing, more comprehensive studyabout ultrasonic attenuation law has been done in this subject. And the situation of the ultrasonic signals decaying in the mud in the spread was analysed particularly, the relationship was established between a mud density and ultrasound signals back; Against the mud conductivity testing, the AC power was used to eliminate the polarization in the test of electrical conductivity, in this subject, electrodes inserted way was used to test electrical conductivity, it changes the traditional testing methods and facilitates the test.In this subject, on the basis of relevant principles, the corresponding design for hardware, SCM Atmega16L as the core, was designed. In the mud density testing system, Ultrasonic excited circuit, receiving voltage circuit and the echo of the signal processing circuit was designed in the mud Conductivity testing system, the sine circuit design, measuring circuit and peak extraction circuit was designed.In terms of software, A / D conversion process, interrupt service process and display process was designed in this thesis.Through experiments, the subjects described the curve between mud density and echo amplitude, and gives a corresponding estimate of accuracy.更多还原