【作者】 于颖敏；

【导师】 叶天旭；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学 ， 应用化学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 离子液体作为一种环境友好、“可设计性”绿色溶剂,能够脱除燃油中的硫、氮化合物,具有潜在的经济价值。本文以N-甲基咪唑为原料,利用微波反应仪合成溴代3-丁基-1-甲基咪唑盐[BMIm]Br,通过考察体系温度的变化及单因素实验确定了最佳制备条件,并通过红外光谱表征了结构和纯度。对合成出的不同烷基取代的咪唑类离子液体[RMIm]Br的熔点、溶解性、黏温性及吸水性等进行了测定和研究,发现了明显的递变规律,这与咪唑阳离子的结构及溶质的结构有密切的关系。进一步用[RMIm]Br分别对模型油品中的噻吩、二苯并噻吩、2-甲基吡啶进行了萃取研究,考察了剂油比、温度、萃取级数、离子液体含水量、再生、离子液体种类等因素对脱硫、脱氮的影响。结果表明,通过增大剂油比,提高萃取级数都能有效降低油品中的硫、氮含量;适宜的温度及降低离子液体的含水量有利于降低油品中的硫含量;选用不同烷基取代的[RMIm]Br萃取,溴代3-乙基-1-甲基咪唑盐[EMIm]Br效果最好;采用水萃取再生方法处理的[RMIm]Br能保持良好、稳定的脱硫、脱氮效果。在硫、氮含量的测定中,建立了紫外可见分光光度法。此法可以迅速、准确的测定模型油品中硫、氮的含量,具有非常实际的应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a kind of environment friendly and designable solvents, the ionic liquids behave good abilities in desulfurization and denitrification. The ionic liquid [BMIm]Br was prepared with N-methyl imidazole in microwave radiation instrument. The best preparation conditions were determined through the single-factor experiment and temperature variation. The structure and purity of the ionic liquid were also characterized by IR survey in this article. All the research including melting point, viscosity, hydroscopicity of the ionic liquids and solubility of different organic compounds in it show obvious regularity which is closely related to the structures of the imidazole cation and organics. The extractive experiment of thiophene, dibenzothiophene(DBT), 2-methyl pyridine in modeling oil with [RMIm]Br were carried out. In this research, the effect of volume ratio of ionic liquids to oil, temperature, water content, time of extraction, regeneration and the ionic liquids’patten to the desulfurization and denitrification were investigated. The results indicate that big volume ratio and more times of extraction are favorable for desulfurization and denitrification, low temperature are beneficial to DBT extraction. [EMIm]Br shows the best extractive result in different ionic liquids [RMIm]Br. The regenerated [RMIm]Br by water diluting display good and steady desulfurization ability. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry is very practical in content determine of sulfur and nitrogen in modeling oil.更多还原