【作者】 陈青；

【导师】 季忠；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 在石油化工、能源、动力及航天航空领域,对于流体参量的测试是十分重要的。温度、压力和流量是流体的三大测量参量,流体的基本热力学性质PVTx性质及流体的一些特征参数都与温度、压力、流量有着密切的关系,因此研究流体参量的测试具有十分重要的现实意义。虚拟仪器是测控仪器经历了模拟仪器、数字仪器和智能仪器后的重要发展方向。它将仪器技术、计算机技术、总线技术和软件技术紧密地融合在一起,利用计算机强大的数字处理能力实现仪器的大部分功能,打破传统仪器的框架,形成一种崭新的仪器模式。为了实现对众多流体参量的自动测量,根据虚拟仪器设计思想,并结合虚拟仪器的最新发展方向,设计实现了基于虚拟仪器的流体参量集成测试系统,系统包括对流体温度、压力、流量的测试。本文详细阐述了以下几个方面的研究开发工作。①介绍流体参量测试的发展、国内外现状和发展趋势。当前,虚拟仪器的出现和迅猛发展为流体参量测试的发展提供了新的机遇和发展空间,提出了开发基于虚拟仪器的流体参量集成测试系统;②分析了流体各参量的测试原理;③深入探讨虚拟仪器的总线、框架结构、总线标准、开发平台以及设计模式,为课题选择了Visual C++开发环境和智能控件化虚拟仪器开发模式;④详细介绍了测试系统的逻辑结构和软硬件设计,运用面向对象(OOP)的软件设计方法,通过主控功能模块、数据管理及系统权限设置模块、各参量测试控制模块、传感器标定模块、测试通道和测试范围设置模块、数据采集和处理模块、数据分析和数据显示模块、存储和回放模块、报表打印及辅助功能模块等的设计,实现了对测试信号进行采集、处理、分析和显示的功能。⑤通过具体试验验证了本测试系统的稳定性、测试结果的准确性等。本课题是虚拟仪器在流体参量测试领域的一次成功尝试。在课题中,虚拟仪器凸显出强大的功能、良好的灵活性。实践证明虚拟仪器是一种优秀的解决方案,能够高效地实现各种测控任务。文章最后从温度场与压力场测试、分布式网络化测试和信号处理技术对测试仪器功能的扩展三个方面讨论了本系统的进一步发展方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the petrochemical, energy, power and aerospace industry, it is very important to measure the fluidic parameters. Temperature, pressure and flow rate are three main measurement parameters of fluid and basic energetics property PVTx of fluid is related deeply with them.So the study of fluidic parameters testing is of great practical significance.Virtual instrument is an important direction of development after measurement and control equipment has gone through the analog instrument, digital instrument and intelligent instrument. VI, which combines computer technology, bus technology, software technology with instrument technology closely, utilizes the computer’s powerful digital process capability to realize main functions of instrument. It breaks the mainframe of traditional instrument and creates a new instrument model.In order to measure the fluidic parameters automatically, an integrative measurement system of fluidic parameters based on virtual instrument was designed and implemented according to the design idea and latest developments of virtual instrument.The system includes the functions of temperature, pressure, and flow rate testing of fluid.This paper elaborated on the following aspects of the research and development work.①Introduced the development status and domestic and foreign development trend of fluidic parameters testing. At present, the emergence and rapid development of virtual instrument provides new opportunities and development space for fluidic parameters testing.And put forward to develop the integrative measurement system of fluidic parameters testing based on virtual instrument.②Analysed the principle of various parameters testing of fluid.③Studied and researched the framework structure, the bus standards, the development platform and the design patterns of virtual instrument.Then the Visual C++ development environment and intelligent control of virtual instrument development model were Selected for the subject.④The paper described the logic of the structure, the hardware and software design in details. Applying the object-oriented Programming(OOP) methods of software design, and by designing central control module, data management and system permissions settings module, testing control module of parameters, sensor calibration module, channels and scopes setting modules, data acquisition and processing module, data analysis and data display module, storage and playback module, print statements and other auxiliary function modules, the system realized the functions of signal acquisition, processing, analysis and display.⑤Verified the stability of the system, the accuracy of the testing results through specific tests.This project is a successful attempt in fluidic parameters measurement domain, which testifies that VI is an available and effective solution and it can be employed to accomplish majority complicated measurement task. Finally, the further development of the measurement instrument for parameter field measuring, distributing network measuring and the expansion of function of measurement system was discussed.更多还原