【作者】 王涛；

【导师】 潘厚宏；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 电渣焊分为丝极电渣焊、板极电渣焊和熔嘴电渣焊,是一种在垂直位置或者接近垂直位置使用的高效单道焊工艺过程,用于连接厚度大于30mm的钢板或部件。就目前国内外现状看来,对电渣焊系统的自动控制研究相当有限,目前尚无自主知识产权的国产化丝极电渣焊设备。国内使用的电渣焊机,多数是仿制前苏联产品,目前已严重老化,急需国产替代设备。据此,本文对目前国内的电渣焊技术进行学习和深入研究后,依据生产现场的要求以及电渣焊焊接工艺的要求,首先,对电渣焊的自动控制的总体方案进行了研究和设计。以PLC控制单元为核心、结合晶闸管直流调速技术实现对焊丝进退和焊接机头升降的控制;结合变频调速和传感技术对焊丝的摆动速度和幅度进行控制;结合单独设计的延时电路实现焊丝在摆动折返点停留时间的调节。然后,在对电渣焊的焊接设备功能研究基础上,详细研究了系统的硬件结构,提出了改善方法,并对本设计中的硬件设备进行了介绍,包括主控装置PLC、变频器、旋转编码器、晶闸管直流调速器、及延时电路以及电路原理图的详细设计。最后,根据电渣焊的加工工艺,对系统的流程进行了设计,并对关键设计进行了详细的说明:焊丝摆动系统的设计、延时电路的设计。总之,本文设计的基于PLC的电渣焊控制系统操作方便,运行稳定可靠,性能较好,满足工作要求,同时保证产品的质量,具有一定的工程实用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Electroslag welding divided into electroslag welding with wire electrode, electroslag welding with plate electrode, electroslag welding with tube electrode. It is a single-channel high-performance welding process working in the vertical position or close to vertical position. It is used to connect the steel plate thickness of 25mm or greater than the parts. Appearsing on the current status quo at home and abroad, research of the electroslag welding system for the automation is limited. there is no independent intellectual property rights of home-made equipment of electroslag welding with wire electrode. Most of domestic electroslag welding machine introduce from the former Soviet Union before 1962, has already been seriously. So domestic alternative equipment is much-needed.Accordingly, this paper designs the general control system of the electroslag welding after deeply researching on controlling method and processing techniques. Based on analyzing the development status and trend of gear processing, the paper researches on control system of the electroslag welding. First, PLC is the core of system. Combining the technology of thyristor speed control, it realizes welding wire feeding and enhancement of electric welding machine .Combining the inverter technology and sensing technology ,it controls wire speed and magnitude of the swing . Combining time delay electronic circuits, it realizes regulation of wire stay time at the return point.Second, on the base of analyzing the functions of the machine, the paper specifically studies the hardware structure of the system, including the design of main control component—PLC, converters, rotary encoder, thyristor DC speed governor, time delay electronic circuits and circuit principle chart.Third, the paper deeply discusses the key control techniques of the machine, such as the oscillating control of welding wire for electroslag welding and time delay electronic circuits .etc.The control system of electroslag welding that this paper proposed is convenient, reliable and qualify for the work demand. It also can increase productivity, guarantee quality and has practical values in engineer.更多还原