【作者】 李丽霞；

【导师】 董华；

【作者基本信息】 青岛理工大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 能源问题是世界和中国经济社会发展面临的最严重的问题之一。全球人口的急剧增加和经济的快速发展导致能源消耗的不断提高,使人类面临着日益严重的能源危机和由于能源消耗带来的环境问题。节能和开发利用新型的绿色、可再生能源已成为世界各国解决能源危机和环保问题的重要途径。利用相变储热通过相变材料相变时需要吸收(或放出)大量热量的性质实现能量存储,可以解决太阳能与建筑负荷在供求时间上的不一致问题,实现电力的“移峰填谷”。提出了一种新型的采暖系统——太阳能和低谷电混合采暖系统。开发了以石蜡作为相变材料的螺旋盘管式相变储热装置将太阳能与低谷电力结合的混合采暖系统。系统热源由太阳能集热器、电加热器、相变储热装置组成。利用能耗模拟软件计算了青岛地区一栋建筑的供暖季日总负荷和典型日逐时负荷;根据太阳辐射的规律,得出了青岛地区典型日太阳辐射量的逐时变化。在确定建筑负荷、太阳能集热器集热量逐时变化曲线的基础上,结合电网分时计价曲线,确定了优化运行的采暖模式,实现太阳能供给、低谷电和建筑热负荷在时域上的匹配。通过对建筑负荷、太阳能集热器集热量和相变装置储热能力的分析计算,证实了太阳能—低谷电混合采暖系统在节能和环境保护方面的优越性。通过对此系统的可行性进行研究,为其在我国的推广和应用提供一些有实用价值的参考依据。论文的研究结论可以为太阳能—低谷电混合采暖系统的实际设计及运行管理提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Energy is one of the most serious problems shortage which the world and Chinese socio-economic development facing. The situation of the earth in which the humankind lives is deteriorated increasingly with the increase of the energy consumption that results from population rising and economy development. Energy saving and low energy application are the key ways to solve this problem. phase change thermal energy storage can storage energy by change the phases of phase change materials, which can be used to solve the nonconformity problem on supply and demand time of solar energy and building load. At the same time, it can be used in shifting the peak heating and cooling loads off-peak hours.A hybrid heating system is proposed, which consists of solar absorber, thermal energy storage and electrical heater. The phase change heat storage unit in the system can reserve the energy from both solar energy and off-peak electricity. It has relatively simple structure, a cylindrical shell covering a set of helical coil pipe. The shell is filled with paraffin as phase change material and the helical coil pipe is filled with water to conduct the heat exchange. The heat source for heating system is consisted of three parts: solar collector, electric heater, phase change heat storage. The daily heat load and hourly heating load of building of Qingdao in heating season is conducted with the usage of DeST-H energy consumption simulation software. The typical day hourly value of solar radiation of Qingdao is calculated based on the solar radiation law. In order to match the building heat load, an optimal operating mode is suggested considering the curve of time-sharing price and solar energy. The experiment results show a low energy consumption and good economic property comparing to that of the traditional heating system.Through analyzing heating load demand, solar energy collection and thermal storage performance of phase change thermal storage, the advantage of the hybrid heating system based on solar energy and off-peak electricity in energy saving and circumstance protecting is obvious. The related research will offer some useful references and be of benefit to popularize low energy application by system feasibility study. The conclusion of this thesis could provide reference for practical design work and operation management of the hybrid heating system based on solar energy and off-peak electricity.更多还原