【作者】 赵艳超；

【导师】 马令勇；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 防灾减灾工程及防护工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 城市作为巨大的承灾体,正在日益成为国际社会防灾减灾的中心和重点。降低城市地震风险、提高我国城市地震灾害管理能力成为非常现实并且具有相当挑战性的问题。同时,历史上国内外发生在城市的地震,给城市造成的灾难的实例充分表明了城市防灾的重要性。随着我国国民经济的快速发展,城市化程度的提高,城市建筑在单位土地上的聚集程度比以往任何时候都高,如果发生地震灾害将产生明显放大效应。合理的城市空间布局将有利于改善城市生态环境,减少灾害的发生以及控制灾害的扩散,减少社会灾害隐患。本文主要围绕城市地震风险管理、城市空间层次上防灾规划两个方面展开了研究。首先,城市空间防灾规划必须建立在城市灾害风险研究基础上,只有确切了解城市所面临的灾害类型及其风险大小,才能有针对性地进行规划。本文以地震为主要的灾害类型,从城市地震风险管理的内容、步骤等方面对城市所面临的风险进行了系统的研究。然后,对城市空间防灾体系进行了系统规划研究。从城市防灾空间构成要素出发,将城市防灾空间分为点、线、面三个层次,构建了城市空间防灾网络体系,使城市空间更有效的发挥其防灾救灾的作用。其次,对城市各级防灾空间进行了系统规划。主要从城市防灾空间体系的三个层次出发,结合城市防灾规划步骤,针对不同层次的防灾空间的规划策略进行了系统的研究。最后,以秦皇岛市为例,针对秦皇岛市空间防灾系统进行分析并提出一些设想和政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a huge exposure,cities are gradually becoming the center and emphasis of disaster prevention among international community. It becomes a very practical and challenging issue to reduce the earthquake risks and improve earthquake disaster management capability. Also, urban earthquakes which happened at home and abroad in the history prove the importance of urban disaster-prevention.With the rapid development of Chinese economy and the improvement of urbanization, the density of urban construction on each land unit is higher than ever before. In this case, if disasters take place, they will result in obvious amplification effect. Therefore, reasonable arrangement of urban space will benefit the improvement of ecological environment of cities, reducing disasters, controlling their spread and lessening disaster risks. So this article mainly researches around earthquake risk management and the planning of urban space disaster-prevention.First,the planning of the disaster-prevention of urban space structure must build on the basis of the research of urban disaster risks. Unless we know the type of the disaster and the extent of the risk, we can make plans aiming at them. This thesis will focus in particular on earthquakes, and will research urban earthquake risk management, the procedure of this, and other related topics.Secondly, this article researches the planning of the disaster-prevention of urban space structure. Proceeding from the essential factors of the disaster-prevention of urban space structure, this article builds a network of disaster-prevention of urban space structure, divides the disaster-prevention of urban space unit into three levels and integrates them, so every disaster-prevention of urban space can exert the effect of disaster-prevention and disaster-reduction more effectively.Thirdly, the research on the strategy of disaster-prevention of urban space structure for every level is the stress of this thesis. It proceeds from three levels of disaster-prevention of urban space structure, combines the procedure of urban disaster-prevention, and aims at the strategy of planning disaster-prevention space differs at different levels.In the last part, this article put forward some assumption and suggestion of Qinhuangdao disaster-prevention of urban space system.更多还原