【作者】 李伟；

【导师】 王尊策；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 流体机械及工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 喷砂器是水平井分层压裂管柱的重要组成部分。在水平井压裂施工中,随着施工排量的增加,喷砂器冲刷磨损严重,封隔器难以坐封,难以满足压裂的作业要求。本文针对含砂压裂液对水平井压裂喷砂器冲刷磨损问题,基于Euler-Euler方法,以雷诺应力模型为湍流模型,应用控制体积法及SIMPLE算法,利用CFD软件FLUENT对喷砂器的内部流场进行了数值模拟。得到了喷砂器内流体的轴向速度、切向速度、压力云图、砂比云图分布规律。利用二维激光多普勒测速仪对喷砂器内部速度场进行了测定实验。结果表明,数值模拟和实验测得数据整体趋势是一致的。验证了数值计算方法的正确性。应用数值模拟方法对喷砂器进行结构优化,主要对喷嘴和喷砂口位置进行结构优化研究。采用入口缩径角度30°,出口扩径角度30°的喷嘴结构性能好一些。调整喷砂孔的尺寸、位置和数目,分别进行数值模拟,通过分析计算结果,对比各方案的可行性。提出了十孔不等径喷砂器结构,其避免了大涡流的发生,无论从流态,速度和耐磨性方面都优于原结构。本文工作为进一步研究水平井压裂喷砂器的结构特性及结构优化设计提供了一定的理论和经验。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sand blast is an important component part of the horizontal well fracturing string. In the fracturing of horizontal wells, with the construction of displ increases, the sand blast wears seriously, packer is difficult to set down, it is difficult to meet the operational requirements for fracturing.In view of the question that the sand fracturing fluid impacts and wears the fracturing sand blast for horizontal wells, Numerical simulation was carried out by using CFD software FLUENT with Euler-Euler method. The simulation of interior flow field of the sand blast is performed by means of Reynolds stress turbulent model, control volume method and SIMPLE arithmetic method. The rules of axial velocity, tangential velocity,pressure distribution cloud,proppant concentration cloud of sand blast inside fluid are gained.It carries out the experiment on testing internal flow field of sand blast with two-dimensional laser Doppler velocimetry. The results show that the overall trend between the numerical simulation and experimental measured data is consistent. It verifies the numerical method.Using numerical simulation method of blasting to optimize the structure of sand blast,the main structural optimization location for the nozzle and the sand blasting mouth. the use of the entrance reducing angle of 30°,the exports expanding angle of 30°is better structural performance. Adjusting the size, location and number to carry on numerical simulation respectively, by analyzing the calculated results, compared to the feasibility of the scheme. Proposing the structure of a ten-hole-non-diameter sand blast to avoid the occurrence of a large eddy current, no matter of flow, velocity and wear resistance are superior to the original structure.This work provides theoretical base and experiences for further research of the structure characteristics and structural optimization design of the the horizontal well fractured sand blast.更多还原