我国法院调解制度研究

【作者】 甘雯雯；

【导师】 章武生；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 法律， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 法院调解制度是我国重要的诉讼制度。随着社会经济的发展和人们日益提高的法制意识,法院调解制度一方面在法院结案中占有很高的比例,另一方面显露出制度本身的不足,越来越受到社会各界的广泛关注。结合中国传统法律文化与西方现代法治理念来调整乃至重构我国法院调解制度,建立多元化的纠纷解决机制已成为必需,其意义已不限于一项具体制度的局部完善,而是我国民事审判结构整体性转换的重要环节。本文共分四部分。第一部分为概述,分别介绍了法院调解制度的概念与特征,对法院调解的性质、功能进行了分析,考察了我国法院调解制度的历史发展及其特点。通过分析和评价,我们能够更加深刻地认识到法院调解的重要作用,为进一步完善法院调解制度提供了一定的理论基础。第二部分详细介绍了美国、德国、日本以及和我们有着相同文化渊源的台湾地区较为完善的调解制度。第三部分在分析我国法院调解制度现状的基础之上,从内在制度缺陷和外在操作误区两个方面入手,深入剖析了我国诉讼调解和法院非讼化调解制度存在的问题,为下文具体制度的设计奠定了一定的基础。第四部分为我国法院调解制度的改革构想。该部分列举了改革我国法院调解制度的几种具有代表性的观点,提出了若干个人建议:以诉讼和解重塑诉讼调解,完善法院非讼化调解机制以及赋予当事人民事调解程序选择的权利。更多还原

【Abstract】 The court mediation institution is very important in our lawsuit system. It has long been the preferential means for both litigants and judges to settle civil disputes and handle cases. However, with the development of the economy and people’s legal awareness, the court mediation institution begins to show its own defects when it still take up a high using rate in the settling of cases, which is drawing more and more attention from different fields. So it is necessary to reconstruct the judicial mediation system and it also represents the reform of China’s civil trial structure.The thesis can be divided into four parts.Part One: It introduces the definition, features, nature, functions and the historical transformation of the court mediation institution in China. Through the analysis and evaluation, we have a deeper understanding of the important roles of the court mediation, which provides the theoretical basis for further perfecting the court mediation system to some extent.Part Two: to provide some references for our future reform by comparing our institution with that of developed countries such as USA, Germany, Japan and that of Taiwan.Part Three: the analysis of legal dilemma of the court mediation system from the aspects of intrinsic defects and external operation errors, through the overview of current court mediation institution in China.Part Four: suggestions on the establishment of new court mediation system. The author lists some typical viewpoints. And three suggestions are put forward to improve the institution: substituting litigation settlement for current mediation institution, perfecting non-litigation mediation institution and endowing the parties with the right of choice of dispute settlement.更多还原