【作者】 陈雷；

【导师】 窦明健； 毛雪松；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 进行公路地质灾害分区评价研究可以有助于提高公路工程防灾减灾水平,有效减小地质灾害对公路交通的影响。陕西省是我国地质灾害较为严重的省份之一,不仅灾害种类多、发生频率高、分布范围广,而且呈逐年加重的趋势,地质灾害的频繁发生对公路工程造成了极其恶劣的影响。公路地质灾害分区评价是一种可以有效的掌控和管理公路地质灾害的现实途径和方法,能真实地反映出陕西地质灾害的特点和分布情况,能够为陕西省公路的规划,勘测设计、施工以及后期的养护起到参考和指导性作用,减少公路地质灾害造成的损失。本文以陕西公路主要地质灾害(崩塌、滑坡和泥石流)危险性分区与评价为研究内容,首先分析了陕西省地形地貌、岩土类型、地质构造、水文地质、气候条件、水系分布、土壤与植被覆盖、地震等造成陕西地质灾害频发的地质工程条件和动力环境;同时,对陕西地质灾害的现状进行分析,特别是对崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等陕西公路主要地质灾害的分布特点进行了研究。论文通过对崩塌、滑坡、泥石流灾害与工程地质环境和动力环境等影响因素相互关系的分析,在全面分析的基础上建立了陕西公路主要地质灾害危险性评价的指标体系,提出了指标属性数据评价分值转换及其归一化处理的方法,利用专家打分及层次分析法进行了主要地质灾害危险性评价指标权重的确定,以ArcGIS9.2为平台,编制完成陕西公路主要地质灾害危险度图系。依据评价结果及危险度图系,采用“自上而下”和“自下而上”相结合的区划方法,利用人机交互方式,进行了危险性分区方案研究,提出了陕西公路主要地质灾害危险性分区方案,并进行了分区评价及说明。更多还原

【Abstract】 Conducting the highway geological disasters appraisal would be beneficial to increase the level of prevention and reduction of natural disasters, and it also can reduce the influences to the transportation caused by the geological disasters. Shaanxi Province is one of the provinces which suffer great geological disasters and various kinds of disasters, high frequency and wide distribution range are features of this area.Moreover, it has a tendency to be worse. The frequent geological disasters happenings make severely negative influences on the highway projects. District appraisal of the highway geological is a practical means to control and manage the disasters, because it can veritably reflect the features and distributions of geological disasters in Shaanxi Province. Meanwhile, it also could provide us with reference and conduction to the traffic plans, survey and design, construction and the later period maintenance of Shaanxi, so as to reduce the loss caused by the geological disasters.This article takes the main geological disasters risky district appraisal and the evaluation of Shaanxi’s highways as the research subject, and it first analyzes the Shaanxi Province’s terrain landform, the ground types, the geologic structures, the hydrologic geology, the climatic conditions, the river system distributions, the soil and the vegetation coverings, the earthquakes and so on which are the frequent geological disasters’ geological project condition and the dynamic environments. At the same time, it analyzes the Shaanxi geology disasters’ present situation, especially conducts a research on the classification and distribution of avalanche, landslide, mud-rock flowing which are the main geological disasters in Shaanxi.Secondly, it makes the analysis of the relationship between avalanche, landslide, mud-rock flowing with the influential factors, project geological and dynamic environments. It further points out the index system of the main geological disasters risk evaluations. Then, it puts forward the way of transmitting and normalization processing the values of the index data attributes, of which make uses the experts’ remarks and analytic hierarchy process to perform the fixation of the main geological risk evaluation’s index weighting. Furthermore, it draws up the map of Shaanxi’s main highway geological disasters risk level on the platform of Arc Gis 9.2.Finally, using the regionalization method of "top-down" combining "bottom-up" and man-machine interaction way, we have conducted the risky district plan research, proposed the Shaanxi highway main geological disasters risky distribution project and carried on the illustration of district appraisals.更多还原