径向变密度球扁药制备工艺和燃烧性能研究

【作者】 李文祥；

【导师】 潘仁明；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 材料学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 在分析发射药渐增燃烧特征的基础上,以小口径长身管武器为型号背景,提出了具有内松外密的、材质相同的、具有高渐增燃烧特征的变密度球扁药结构,并重点研究了具有这种结构特征的变密度球扁药成型工艺技术。提出了制备变密度球扁药的“两步法”工艺:第一步是制备多气孔松质球扁药;第二步对前一步的松质球扁药进行表层溶胀-驱溶-脱水处理,制成目标球扁药。在进行工艺规律研究时发现,“两步法”工艺的第一步中可以通过控制脱水剂的用量调节多气孔球扁药的堆积密度;第二步中,溶棉比和溶胀时间对壳层厚度影响很大,溶棉比越大,溶胀时间越长,壳层越厚;对成品药进行一致化处理时,压延机滚筒温度在80℃-90℃时既保证了安全,又确保药体结构不变。密闭爆发器实验表明:多气孔球形药的动态活性和密度密切相关,密度越低,动态活性越大;由于径向变密度球扁药壳层是密实的,芯层是多孔,松质的,使得燃烧过程显示了极好的渐增性。在一定范围内,壳层越薄,芯层密度越小其渐增性能越好;并且可以控制芯层的密度和壳层的厚度实现不同条件下的渐增效果。内弹道试验表明:通过合理的设计药型的尺寸和结构,该发射药具有广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 A new type of radial variable density oblate spherical propellant powder (VDSP) with porous structure inside and high-density outside in same materials was designed to be used in small-caliber guns on the basis of analyzing how to implement burning progression. This special structure makes the VDSP have a higher burning progression. The preparation process of the VDSP was focused on.Two-step-method was put forward to be used for preparation VDSP. The first step is to get the porous spherical propellant powder which has low-density; The second step is to make surface layer of the porous spherical propellant swell, then drive the solution and dehydrate swelling layer to get the target VDSP. The result shows that the bulk density of the porous spherical propellant powder can be varied by adjusting dehydrating agent strength in the first step; solvent quantity and swelling time have a great effect on the thickness of the shell, the bigger the solvent quantity is and the longer the welling time is, the thicker the shell will be. When the temperature of the roller of the mangier is between 80℃and 90℃, homogeneous thickness of the VDSP can be gained in the process of calendaring avoiding danger and the changes of the VDSP’s physical structure. The closed bomb burning experiments shows that the dynamic activity of the sample is bound up with the density of the sample, lower density the sample is, higher dynamic activity the sample will be. The sample also shows a higher burning progression in the combustion process as a result of its special structure, the thinner the shell and the lower the core is, the higher the burning progression is. At the same time, different degrees of the burning progression were achieved by adjusting density of the core and thickness of the shell. Interior ballistics experiments show that VDSP has broad application prospects by designing reasonable size and structure.更多还原