基于流场模型的传感器网络部署技术研究

【作者】 许延霞；

【导师】 杨余旺；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着无线传感器网络应用领域越来越广,其部署问题已经成为传感器网络研究的热点问题之一。它反映了无线传感器网络的成本和感知能力。一个好的部署策略能很大程度地增强网络感知质量,减少成本和使能耗最小,最终延长节点的寿命。而传感器网络的部署问题一直是一个困难的问题,尤其是在苛刻,未知的环境中。本文就解决了在苛刻、未知环境的网络部署问题。本文将流场模型应用于无线传感器网络部署,让传感器节点抽象的遵循流体运动规则进行移动来完成未知领域的网络部署。首先用理想流体模型进行研究,发现应用这种模型在部署过程中网络的连通性不好,考虑到理想流体与粘性流体的区别及网络部署的具体情况,再次使用粘性流体模型对网络部署进行研究。就是把无线传感器网络看作流体,传感器节点看作是微小的流体元素。因此传感器节点就会有流体元素所拥有的属性,更重要的是节点的移动就会像流体的流动一样符合一定的物理规则。正好把这些物理规则运用到传感器网络中。在无线传感器网络中模仿粘性流体扩散和自我传播行为,实现理想的有效覆盖范围。粘性流体中的粘性使得节点在部署的时候可以兼顾到网络的连通性。因为其自我部署的能力,所以特别是对苛刻的,未知的环境达到有效地覆盖有深刻的意义。本文把流场模型应用到无线传感器网络的部署中。通过仿真实验证明,这种部署策略可以达到很高的覆盖程度,更好的完成传感器网络的部署。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the application field of wireless sensor networks more and more widespread, the problem of its deployment has become one of the hot problems. It reflects the cost and sensor ability of wireless sensor networks. To a large extent, a good deployment strategy can enhance the ability of network-aware, reduce cost and make energy consumption least, ultimately extend the life-span of nodes. However, the nodes deployment of wireless sensor networks has always been a difficult problem, especially in the harsh and unknown environment. This paper solves the nodes deployment of wireless sensor networks in the harsh and unknown environment.In this paper, we apply the flow field model to the deployment of wireless sensor networks. We makes sensor nodes move following the rules of fluid movement to achieve network deployment of unknown areas. First, we use the inviscid fluid model to study the deployment, and find this strategy has bad network connectivity. Considering the difference between the inviscid fluid and the viscous fluid and the circumstances of the network deployment, we use the viscous fluid model to study the deployment of network. That is, a wireless sensor network is seen as fluid, sensor nodes are seen as tiny fluid element. So sensor nodes have the attributes of fluid element, more importantly, the movement of nodes would agree with certain physical rules just like the flow of fluid. These physics rules are just used to the sensor network. Node deployment imitates the proliferation and self-dissemination of viscous fluid to achieve the effective coverage of ideal performance. The viscosity of viscous fluid makes node consider the connectivity of network, when node is deployed. Because of its self-spreading, it is very suit for the harsh environment.This paper applies flow field model to deployment in wireless sensor networks. Through the simulation results show, this kind of deployment strategy can achieve a high degree of coverage and complete the deployment of sensor networks better.更多还原