独立学院全程化就业指导模式研究

【作者】 杨卫琴；

【导师】 吴坚；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 教育学原理， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 独立学院作为高等教育大众化的主要推动力量,从产生到发展至今的短短几年,经历了办学数量和规模的扩张,为更多学生提供了接受高等教育的机会。但当前独立学院毕业生就业难的问题也日益突显。如何进一步有效地加强就业指导工作,如何在缓解大学生就业压力方面有所作为,是当前独立学院在发展过程中必须面对、思考和亟需解决的重要问题之一。大学生就业机制从统包统分的计划机制向“自主择业、双向选择”的市场机制转变,推动了高校就业指导工作的变革。但当前,我国高校的就业指导工作还局限于传统的指导模式。为了适应市场经济发展的需要,为了缓解当前严峻的就业形势,解决就业结构性矛盾,必须将就业指导贯穿于大学教育的全过程,研究构建全程化的就业指导模式。本文以省属4所独立学院为例,以问卷调查为主要研究方法,对造成独立学院毕业生就业难的相关原因进行了分析,指出当前独立学院就业指导工作存在的诸多不足之处。在对美国、日本高校就业指导模式分析和经验借鉴的基础上,提出了构建全程化就业指导模式。本文所构建的全程化就业指导模式是以职业发展理论为研究的理论基础,围绕独立学院的人才培养目标,面向全体在校学生开展的贯穿整个大学阶段的就业指导。该模式包括:全员参与的管理体系、专业的指导内容、系统的全程指导阶段、有效的实施路径等。通过对不同年级的学生进行职业认知、职业定位、职业选择等职业观教育,制定相应的就业指导目标和教学内容,帮助学生树立正确的价值观、就业观、创业观,不断提高职业规划能力,以积极、良好的心态自主创业、自谋职业,最终达到最大限度的充分就业。本文是对独立学院就业指导工作进行创新的一个初步尝试,所讨论的很多问题还较为肤浅,需要在今后的实践中加以检验和创新。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a major driving force to the popularization of higher education,private institutes have gone through the expansion of the number and scale from beginning to now,and have been providing opportunities for more students to accept higher education.However,the issue that it is increasingly difficult for their graduates to find jobs is also highlighted,how to further strengthen the work of career guidance and play a role to ease the pressure is one of the major problems private institutes have to face,to think over and solve in their development process.The change of employment mechanism of graduates,from sub-unified plan mechanism to "self-choice,two-way choice" market mechanism,promotes the employment guidance work in higher institutions.However,at present,China’s employment guidance work is confined to the conventional model.In order to adapt to the needs of market economy,to alleviate current severe situation and solve structural contradictions in employment,vocational guidance must study the entire process of building a model of career guidance and run through the whole process of university education.Taking four private institutes in JiangSu province as an example,by using survey, analyzing relevant factors,this article points out deficiencies existing in current work of Career Guidance.through the analyses of the United States’ and Japan’s guidance theories and practice,this article puts forward the idea that taking theory of career development as a guide to build a model of entire process of career guidance,owing to the above analysis and reflection,the entire process of career guidance built in this article is a guidance that based on career development theory,focusing on the goal of training requirements,facing all undergraduates throughout the whole university career.The model include:full participation,professional guidance,systematic stages and effective implementation etc.by dividing students of different grades into career awareness,career orientation,career choices Stages,formulating respective objectives and teaching contents to help students establish the correct values,employment view, entrepreneurship view,and continuously improve the capacity of career planning, choose professional,entrepreneurship or self-employment that suits themselves and meets the social needs with a positive attitude,and ultimately maximize the full employment and achieve optimal allocation of human resources.This article is an initial attempt for the guidance work of private institutes’,many of the problems discussed is superficial and need testing and innovation in the future.更多还原