【作者】 周云；

【导师】 苏中兴；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 物理化学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 超支化聚合物已在涂料、添加剂、医药、超分子化学、光学及光电学材料等诸多领域有广泛应用。本论文合成了具有不同端基的超支化高分子聚合物考察其分子量分布、热分析性质、对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌作用等,结果表明含有氨基超支化聚胺酯和含有-CSS-基团的端基为氨基的超支化聚合物均具有一定的抑菌性能,含有-CSS-基团的超支化聚合物具有更好的抑菌活性。在材料化学领域,银纳米材料被广泛用于摄影、催化、光子学、光电子学、信息存储、表面增强拉曼散射、制作磁场磁流体和抑制细菌生长,因此银纳米材料的合成与形貌控制一直是热门话题之一。本论文在叙述当前的不同的控制银纳米粒子的形貌的基础上,同时也提供了一种新的环境友好的,在室温下合成两种不同形貌的Ag纳米粒子的新方法。首次在超支化聚合物溶液中利用超声的方法制备出八面体银纳米粒子,并且在相似的条件下获得六边形银纳米纳米盘。用透射电镜和扫描电镜表征了银纳米粒子的形貌特征,用选区电子衍射分析了复合纳米材料的晶体结构,用激光动态扫描仪测试符合纳米材料的zeta电位及电泳淌度,用紫外-可见光分光光度计分析了复合纳米材料的光学特性,分析不同的官能团作用下银纳米粒子的形貌,结果表明,在本文所述的方法中银纳米粒子的形状控制的因素是还原剂还原能力的强弱。我们通过改变反应物的比例合成不同的纳米粒子,但是多得到的是具有不同几何形貌的银纳米粒子。采用抑菌曲线和滤纸片法研究了八面体银纳米粒子和六边形银纳米盘的抑菌性能。实验表明:该二维和和三维银纳米的复合材料对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的生长具有良好的抑制作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hyperbranched polymers are widely used in many fields such as coatings, additives, medicine, supramolecular chemistry, optics and optoelectronics. In this paper, we synthesize different end-group of the hyperbranched polymers and study its molecular weight distribution, thermal analysis, inhibitory effect on the growth of E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteriostasis, etc. The results show that the amino-containing hyperbranched polyurethane and containing -CSS- groups in the amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer have some antibacterial properties; -CSS-containing group of the hyperbranched polymer has better antibacterial activity.In the field of Materials Chemistry, silver nano-materials are widely used in photography, catalysis, photonics, optoelectronics, information storage, magnetic fluid, surface-enhanced Raman scatteringand inhibit bacterial growth, so silver nano-materials synthesis and morphology control has been a hot topic.This paper describes the current controlling of the morphology of silver nanoparticles and provides a new method of preparing two morphology-different Ag nanoparticles with hyperbranched polymer （HBP） in an environmentally-benefit way at room temperature. 3D （Octahedron） and 2D （hexagon plate-like） silver nanoparticles were first obtained with NH₂-ended HBP （NH₂-HBP） and OH-ended HBP （OH-HBP） respectively at room temperature in aqueous solution. We characterizates silver nanoparticles morphology by using transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, analysizes the composite crystal structure of nano-materials by using selected area electron diffraction, test the zeta potential and electrophoretic mobility of nano-materials with the laser dynamic scanners, detectes the optical properties of the composite nano-materials with UV - visible spectrophotometer analysis, dicusses the role of different functional groups in forming different morphology of silver nanoparticles, the results show that the method described in this article, the shape-controlled factor is the reduction capability of the corresponding substituent. We changed the ratio of reactants to synthesis different shapes nanoparticles, but most are to be geometric with different morphology of the silver nanoparticles.We used inhibition curves and filter paper goods to study the law of antimicrobial performance for octahedron silver nanoparticles and hexagon silver nano-plate and their hyperbranched polymer composite. Experimental results show that: the two-dimensional and three-dimensional silver nanoparticles and their composite material have a good inhibitory effect on the growth of E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus.更多还原