【作者】 杨琴芝；

【导师】 王远飞；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 渔船进出港管理是世界性难题。为了从源头上把好渔船适航关,我国各级渔业管理部门纷纷出台相关政策法规来规范渔船进出港行为,加强渔船进出港管理,并利用信息化技术实现了渔船信息管理和渔船进出港签证签发从手工操作到电子操作的转变。但从另一方面看,管理部门仅在渔船的静态信息管理中实现了信息化,而在渔船进出港时的签证检查仍然依赖于渔政船的人工抽查,并没有有效的技术手段对渔船签证进行高效高质的检查,因此渔船签证检查成为渔政管理中的一大瓶颈。政策法规如果缺乏适当的技术手段辅助,就会造成政策失灵,而数量有限的管理人员和落后的设备与技术则使得监管流于形式。因此,渔政管理部门迫切需要通过一种有效的技术手段,实现渔船进出港的实时自动监管,以解决监管人员的不足,提升进出港签证检查效率,并实时掌握所有渔船在港的动态信息,同时使得这些信息在部门间保持一致和共享,增强部门间协作,提升管理质量,降低管理成本,使得政策法规不再是纸上谈兵。本文总结和归纳了引起渔船安全事故的各种因素和渔政管理部门在渔船进出港监管方面存在的问题,并针对我国进出港签证人工监管效率低、效果差的现状,以实现渔船进出港签证高效自动监管为目的,分析各种技术包括自动识别技术和船位监测技术的可行性、优缺点、成本和性价比等,提出以远距离超高频主动式射频识别技术(RFID)和地理信息系统技术(GIS)为基础,建立一个低成本、高效率的渔船进出港管理信息系统,以达到渔船进出港的自动监管的目的,实现掌握所有渔船的进出港动态、港内港外渔船的实时分布、锚泊地和航道流量统计以及防止渔船带“病”出港等功能。本文提出四大关键技术,包括基于RFID的渔船身份识别技术、基于RFID的渔船进出港判定技术、数据异步访问技术以及降低数据冗余技术。本文对系统的总体框架进行了设计,包括系统需求分析、系统总体设计、系统功能框架设计、系统数据模型设计以及关系数据库设计。在系统总体框架设计的基础上,详细介绍了系统主要功能的实现,包括进出港实时数据的响应功能、进出港报告的查询统计功能、异常标签和异常读头的检测功能和进出港报告的分级管理功能。最后对本文工作进行总结,并且提出为提高RFID技术下的渔船定位精度,实现渔船港内的精确定位,利用GIS技术实现高性价比的港口读头选址的展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fishing-vessels port management is a puzzle over the world. In order to ensure safety, policies and regulations have been issued for the purpose of safe operation and to regulate the vessels’ entry and departure. Fishing-vessels information management has been achieved, and visa-issue has changed from manual operation to electronic operation. From another perspective, fishing-vessels information management has only achieved in the issue of data management and visa issue. Visa-check during the entry and departure, still dependent on the artificial sample inspection, is not using effective technical means to do high quality and efficient visa checks. So the entry and departure of fishing vessels access has become a major bottleneck in the fishery management. The absence of the suitable technical means in policies and regulations would lead to policy failure, and a limited number of managers and backward equipment and technology will make monitoring a mere formality. Therefore, fishery management department urgently need an effective technical means to achieve automatic real-time entry-departure and to address the shortage of supervisory staff, enhance work efficiency and improve data consistency. Inter-departmental information sharing will increase inter-sector collaboration, enhance the quality of management, and lower management costs, making policies and regulations are no longer just on paper.This paper summed up the variety of factors that cause fishing safety incidents and the problems in the entry-departure of the fishing vessels. To achieve automatic high-efficiency monitoring, the technical feasibility, advantages and disadvantages, cost and price of automatic identification technology and Position monitoring technology have been analyzed according to the low efficiency and poor performance status of the artificial regulation of China’s entry and departure visa-issue. Fishing-vessels port Management Information System based on RFID and GIS is established, which helps to realize automatic monitoring in fishing-vessel management.The critical technologies are concerned in this paper, including vessel identification and vessel in/out judgment technology based on RFID, asynchronous data access technology and the technology to reduce data redundancy.The framework of the system is designed, including system demand analysis, system general design, system functional framework design, system data model design and relational database design.Based on the framework of the system, this paper introduced the implement of the main functions in details, including the response function of the real-time entry report, the query and statistic function of entry report and entry history report, the detection function of abnormal RFID tags and offline RFID readers and data management function at different levels.Finally, this paper made a conclusion of the work, and then made a suggestion of offering reasonable ratio of performance and price for port readers’ site selection with GIS to improve locating accuracy and confirm fishing vessels’ real location in the port.更多还原