【作者】 陈扉然；

【导师】 许金钩； 李顺华；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 分析化学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 在化学、生物学以及材料科学中,许多重要的作用过程都是在一个极其微观的系统中发生的。作为一种探索微观体系的重要工具,光学分子传感器可以将一些微妙的分子过程转换成可视化的信号,从而直观揭示微观系统中相关的化学或生物活动。由于荧光技术的无创、可实现在体实时监测的特点,在生命科学的高端研究领域具有无可替代的优点,荧光分子传感器不断受到重视和发展。在已有的分子传感设计经验的基础上,本文重点在传感机理方面进行创新,开展一些目前研究相对较少的环境及生理物种的荧光传感研究。本论文共分四章,分别包括以下内容:第一章为绪论。首先简要介绍了荧光分子传感的基本概念;随后,重点对有机溶剂中微量水分及毒性过渡金属的荧光传感研究的进展进行综述;最后,对这些相关研究进行分析总结,结合本实验室的实验条件和工作基础,提出本论文的研究设想。第二章为非质子性溶剂中微量水的荧光传感研究。本章中我们将一种特殊的荧光体——Pb₄Br₁₁^3-团簇用于非质子性溶剂中的荧光传感。Pb₄Br₁₁^3-团簇的发光对其周围的溶剂层的性质极为敏感,而其溶剂层的性质又与水分的存在密切相关。实验发现,随着体系中水分的增加,荧光团簇溶液的发光强度呈梯度下降并伴随着激发波长的蓝移,其Stokes位移值与水含量之间具有良好的线性关系。这种新颖的基于Stokes位移的“荧光尺”定量模式非常适用于非质子性有机溶剂中微量水的便捷分析。第三章为羟基化有机锡的荧光传感研究。本章介绍了一种可用于水溶液中羟基化有机锡的高选择性检测的荧光分子探针。在受体设计中,我们把邻羟基西夫碱和硼酸基团融合在一起,利用前者对有机锡的络合作用和后者对多羟基物种的强结合能力实现对目标物的协同识别。实验发现,在生理pH条件下,探针对羟基化有机锡有高选择性的荧光增强响应。据此,我们建立了首例羟基化金属的荧光分子传感器。第四章主要把本人硕士阶段未完成的工作——氨基酸的荧光手性识别研究的初探进行简单地介绍。更多还原

【Abstract】 Many important processes concerned in chemistry,biology and material science usually occur in micro systems.As a strong tool for exploring these systems, fluorescent chemosensors（FCSs） convert the subtle molecular interactions or processes to visible signals,making the vivid output of the chemical or biological information in the explored systems available to the researchers.Fluorescence is highly applicable to advanced researches in life sciences since it is hurtless to organisms and can be measured in real time and/or real space.Therefore,FCS is attracting much current research interest.On the basis of our previous works concerning optical chemosensors,this dissertation is aimed at developing FCSs for some environmental and biological species important yet less reported.Meanwhile, novel sensing mechanisms are emphasized in our researches.This dissertation consists of four chapters summarized as follows:In chapter 1,a general introduction to FCSs was presented.Emphasis was paid on the developments of FCSs for micro water content in organic solvents and toxic transition metal cations.Based on the analysis of the relative literatures,the objective of this dissertation was proposed.In chapter 2,we described a novel fluorescent probe for micro water content in aprotic organic solvents based on Pb₄Br₁₁^3- clusters.The indicator fluorophore exists in a special local environment which is highly sensitive and accessible to water.A linear decrease of fluorescence intensity and synchronous blue shift of the excitation band were observed with increasing water content.Meanwhile,there was also a good linearity between the Stokes’ shift value（SSV） and the water concentration. The new water-sensing mechanism and SSV-based signaling mode make the developed probe greatly suitable for applications in routine analytical processes.In chapter 3,a specific FCS for hydroxylated organotins（HOTs） was developed.A simple Schiff base fluorophore was found to show a highly selective fluorescence response to HOTs in aqueous solution.The new receptor nicely combines the binding character of an o-hydroxyl Schiff base for the transition metal and boronic acid for the vicinal diol.Addition of HOTs induced a sensitive fluorescence enhancement of the receptor at physiological pH.This is the first report of a fluorescent receptor for hydroxylated metal species.In chapter 4,some of the primary experiments on chiral recognition of amino acids with optical probes were summarized.更多还原