【作者】 张莉；

【导师】 刘长明； 傅建炜；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 农业昆虫与害虫防治， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 2006年8月至2007年8月对福建省惠安番石榴园节肢动物进行了系统调查,并研究了套种植物对番石榴园节肢动物组成结构和多样性的影响,结果表明:番石榴树冠层节肢动物有2纲、16目、100科、218种,其中害虫116种、天敌61种、中性昆虫41种;其害虫优势种为桔小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)和棉蚜Aphis gossypii Glover,天敌优势种为细纹猫蛛Oxyopes macilentas L. Koch和大草蛉Chrysopa septempunctata Wesmael。树冠下的节肢动物有2纲、24目、91科、168种,其中植食性昆虫101种、寄生性与捕食性昆虫22种、腐生性昆虫15种、蜘蛛30种;其植食性昆虫优势种为中华蚱蜢Acrida cinerca Thunberg和电光叶蝉Recilia dorsalis (Motschlsky),蜘蛛优势种为细纹猫蛛Oxyopes macilentas L. Koch,寄生性昆虫优势种为中华茧蜂Bracon chinensis Szepligeti。对套种和非套种两种番石榴园节肢动物进行了系统调查。树冠节肢动物在套种区共采集到2纲、15目、65科、92种,在非套种区共采集到2纲、13目、64科、93种。害虫的个体数和均匀度指数套种区显著高于非套种区,害虫的其余指数套种区与非套种区无显著差异。树冠下的节肢动物在套种区共采集到2纲、13目、61科、108种,在非套种区共采集到2纲、15目、66科、133种。植食性昆虫、寄生性与捕食性昆虫、腐生性昆虫和蜘蛛的群落特征指数套种区与非套种区无显著差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 The composition and diversity of arthropod communities in guava orchards were investigated and the effects of interplanting on arthropod communities in guava orchards were studied in Huian country, Fujian Province, China from August 2006 to August 2007. The results are as follows:In total, 218 arthropod species belonging to 16 orders, 100 families of Insecta and Arachnoidea were collected from tree crown. Among them, 116 species were pests, 61 species were natural enemies and 41 species were neutral insects. The dominant pests were Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and Aphis gossypii Glover, and the dominant natural enemies were Oxyopes macilentas L. Koch and Chrysopa septempunctata Wesmael. The arthopods under tree crown included 168 species belonging 24 orders, 91 families of Insecta and Arachnoidea, which were composed of 101 species of phytophagous insects, 22 species of predatory and parasitic insects, 15 species of scavenger insects and 30 species of spiders. The dominant phytophagous insects were Acrida cinerca Thunberg and Recilia dorsalis (Motschlsky), the dominant spider was Oxyopes macilentas L. Koch, and the dominant parasitic insect was Bracon chinensis Szepligeti.The arthropod components between two types of guava orchard, the interplant orchard and the non-interplant orchard, were also observed. The arthopods of tree crown in the interplant orchard included 92 species belonging to 65 families of 15 orders in Insecta and Arachnoidea, 93 species belonging to 64 families of 13 orders in Insecta and Arachnoidea in the non-interplant orchard. Both the individual quantity index and the evenness index of pests in the interplant orchard were more than that in the non-interplant orchard, but other indices were no significant differences between two orchards. The arthropods under tree crown in the interplant orchard included 108 species belonging to 61 families of 13 orders in Insecta and Arachnoidea, and 133 species belonging to 66 families of 15 orders in Insecta and Arachnoidea in the non-interplant orchard. There were no significant differences on the characteristic indices of phytophagous insects, predatory and parasitic insects, scavenger insects and spiders between two orchards.更多还原