【作者】 王蕾；

【导师】 崔国发；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 自然保护区学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 湿地生态系统与森林生态系统和海洋生态系统并称为全球三大生态系统,且有“地球之肾”的美誉,是地球上不可或缺的生态系统之一,该生态系统的存在为区域内生物提供了生产、生活的基本条件与原料,因此湿地生态系统具有巨大的经济价值。本文的研究对象是为保护湿地类型之一——内陆湿地而建立的内陆湿地类型自然保护区。自然保护区是开展生物多样性和自然遗产就地保护最为经济有效的途径,是人类经济持续发展的重要保障。保护区内的生态系统具有较高的完整性、稳定性,因此其提供的生态系统服务和经济支持也更为显著。在我国的自然保护区体系中,内陆湿地类型自然保护区数量多,面积广,有着举足轻重的意义和巨大的经济价值。本研究的目的在于构建一个内陆湿地类型自然保护区经济价值评估体系。作者运用层次分析法,在总结国内外大量关于内陆生态系统服务价值评估研究的基础上,针对于内陆湿地自然保护区的特性,选取衡量内陆湿地类型自然保护区经济价值的指标,将我国内陆湿地类型自然保护区经济价值评估体系划分为A,B,C,D4个层次,依据湿地类型将该体系划分为河流类型、湖泊类型和沼泽类型自然保护区经济价值评估三个分体系,其中河流类型自然保护区需计算指标25个,湖泊类型自然保护区需计算指标25个,沼泽类型自然保护区需计算指标24个,三个分体系共同组合构建出内陆湿地类型自然保护区经济价值评估体系。在该体系中,除完整计算了自然保护区内湿地生态系统经济价值外,补充评价了保护区内存在的其他类型生态系统经济价值;同时在生态学的基础上,通过湿地生态系统能流物流特征改进了生物栖息地功能价值评估方法。国内外对于河流类型自然保护区经济价值评估研究较少,因此文章选取了一个河流类型自然保护区——河南黄河湿地国家级自然保护区作为案例,利用建立起的河流类型自然保护区经济价值指标体系指标,通过实地调查与资料收集的方式,计算了内陆湿地类型自然保护区经济价值评估体系的25个分指标价值量,其中生物栖息地价值最高为1037.78亿元,该自然保护区总经济价值为3577.45亿元。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wetland ecological system together with sea ecological system and forest ecological system makes up the three ecological systems of the earth.Particularly,wetland ecological system is also called "the earth’s kidney",which is one of the indispensable ecological system in the earth.Wetland ecological system could provide the basic conditions of production,living and raw materials for regional creature. Thus,wetland ecosystem has enormous economic value.In this paper,we studies one of the protection of wetlands,namely,nature reserve of inland wetlands.Nature reserve is the most economic and effective approach of biological diversity and in situ conservation of natural heritage,and is the important guarantee of human economic sustainable development.The ecosystem in nature reserve has high integrity and stability.Thus,it could provide ecosystem services and economic support more significantly.In the nature reserves of China,nature reserve of inland wetlands has the characteristics of large number and wide area,and also has an important significance and the huge economic value.The purpose of this study is to construct the economic evaluation system of an inland wetlands nature reserve.On the basis of a summarization about the evaluation of inland ecosystem service value at home and abroad and the characteristics of inland wetlands nature reserve,the author selects economic value index of inland Wetlands nature reserve,builds the three points system of economic value evaluation on the river nature reserve with 25 indexes,lake nature reserve with 25 indexes and swamp nature reserve with 24 indexes into 4 levels(A,B,C,D).The economic evaluation ecosystem includes not only the value of wetland ecosystem but also the value of others in the inland wetland nature reserve.On the basis of Ecology,the study improves the calculation method of functional value on biological habitat by using analytic hierarchy process.Up to now,there is less research on the economic value evaluation of river nature reserve.Thus, the author selects a river nature reserve(national nature reserve of Yellow River wetland in Henan province),and calculates the value of 25 indexes in the economic evaluation system of inland wetlands nature reserve.The highest value of all indexes is 1037.78 billion yuan/year by functional value on biological habitat.The total economic value of this nature reserve is 3577.45 billion yuan/year by field survey and data collection and using the economic value index system of river nature reserve.更多还原